Table 1.

Antimicrobial resistance genes targets, primers, and nucleotide sequences.

Gene designation	Oligonucleotide sequences (5′-3′)	Amplion size (bp)	PCR conditions	References
mecA	F: GTAGAAATGACTGAACGTCCGATAA	310	Initial denaturation: 95°C for 1 min	Spanu et al., 2004
	R: CCAATTCCACATTGTTTCGGTCTAA		Amplification (30 cycles of)
			Denaturation: 95°C for 30 s
			Annealing: 50°C for 30 s
			Extension: 72°C for 60 s
			Final extension: 72°C for 4 min
cfr	F: TGAAGTATAAAGCAGGTTGGGAGTCA	746	Initial denaturation: 94°C for 1 min	Kehrenberg and Schwarz, 2006
	R: ACCATATAATTGACCACAAGCAGC		Amplification (34 cycles of)
			Denaturation: 94°C for 1 min
			Annealing: 48°C for 30 s
			Extension: 72°C for 3 min
			Final extension: 72°C for 7 min
gyrA	F: ATGGCTGAATTACCTCAATC	399	Initial denaturation: 95°C for 1 min
	R: CATCATAGTTATCGATGAAATC		Amplification (30 cycles of)	Dubin et al., 1999
			Denaturation: 95°C for 30 s
			Annealing: 55°C for 30 s
grlA	F: AATACGTATGATAAGAATTTCCG	429	Extension: 72°C for 60 s
	R: GTTGTGTCATCATAGTTTGG		Final extension: 72°C for 4 min
gyrB	F: CAGCGTTAGATGTAGCAAGC	250		Linde et al., 2001
	R: CCGATTCCTGTACCAAATGC