IL-17F induces CXCL1 and CXCL5 expression in resident kidney cells. (A, B) Real-time RT-PCR analyses of Cxcl1 and Cxcl5 mRNA expression from (A) murine tubular cells and (B) murine mesangial cells after 4 hours of in vitro culture with medium alone or with addition of IL-17F (100 ng/ml), TNFα (10 ng/ml), or the combination of IL-17F (100 ng/ml) and TNFα (10 ng/ml). (C, D) ELISA analyses of CXCL1 and CXCL5 protein levels from supernatants of cultured murine tubular and murine mesangial cells after 24 hours of incubation under the conditions mentioned above. mRNA levels are expressed as x-fold of controls (= medium alone condition). n=3–4 mice per condition, data are presented as bar graphs with the mean±SD. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.