Table 3.
Association between the absolute number of capillaries during postocclusive peak reactive hyperemia as well as venous congestion and the presence of albuminuria (albumin excretion ≥30 mg/24 h)
| Independent Variable | OR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| Postocclusive peak reactive hyperemia, n/mm2 | ||
| Model 1 | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 2.51 (1.13 to 5.57) | 0.02 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 3.01 (1.38 to 6.55) | <0.01 |
| Model 2 | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 2.27 (1.00 to 5.15) | 0.05 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 2.38 (1.07 to 5.31) | 0.03 |
| Model 3a | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 2.63 (1.10 to 6.30) | 0.03 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 2.61 (1.11 to 6.12) | 0.03 |
| Model 3b | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 2.09 (0.82 to 5.30) | 0.12 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 2.51 (1.04 to 6.06) | 0.04 |
| Venous congestion, n/mm2 | ||
| Model 1 | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 1.15 (0.55 to 2.41) | 0.72 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 2.11 (1.08 to 4.13) | 0.03 |
| Model 2 | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 0.95 (0.44 to 2.04) | 0.90 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 1.72 (0.86 to 3.47) | 0.13 |
| Model 3a | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 1.12 (0.50 to 2.50) | 0.79 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 1.76 (0.84 to 3.69) | 0.13 |
| Model 3b | ||
| Tertile 1 (high) | Reference | |
| Tertile 2 (middle) | 1.32 (0.54 to 3.25) | 0.54 |
| Tertile 3 (low) | 2.32 (1.01 to 5.32) | 0.05 |
ORs represent the odds of having albuminuria (defined as an albumin excretion ≥30 mg/24 h) in the respective tertile of the absolute number of capillaries during postocclusive peak reactive hyperemia or venous congestion compared with the odds of having albuminuria in the reference tertile. Model 1 is the unadjusted model. Model 2 is adjusted for age, sex, and type 2 diabetes. Model 3a is model 2 adjusted for waist circumference, total cholesterol-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, use of lipid-modifying drugs, office systolic BP, use of antihypertensive medication, eGFR, prevalent cardiovascular disease, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, and educational level. Model 3b is model 3a adjusted for 24-hour average ambulatory systolic BP instead of office systolic BP (n=665).