Table 1.
Descriptive statistics across sexes and grade levels (means and standard deviations).
| Outcome variable | Girls (n = 164) | Boys (n = 156) | 3rd grade (n = 90) | 4th grade (n = 95) | 5th grade (n = 79) | 6th grade (n = 56) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Height (m) | 1.39 (0.09) | 1.41 (0.11) | 1.35 (0.09) | 1.44 (0.08) | 1.47 (0.07) | 1.55 (0.09) |
| Weight (kg) | 39.4 (11.2) | 42.3 (12.5) |
33.9 (8.8) | 39.6 (10.9) | 43.4 (12.7) | 49.3 (15.8) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) |
19.0 (4.6) | 19.3 (3.8) | 18.6 (4.0) | 18.9 (3.7) | 19.6 (4.5) | 20.5 (5.5) |
| Push-up score (repetitions) | 14.9 (6.5) |
16.3 (7.9) | 16.7 (7.1) | 13.7 (5.9) | 15.0 (9.2) | 17.5 (8.5) |
| Curl-up score (repetitions) |
42.3 (23.1) | 50.7 (24.5) | 47.8 (28.9) | 49.2 (26.1) | 47.2 (32.7) | 53.4 (25.3) |
| VO2 peak (mL/kg/min) | 45.3 (7.5) |
48.6 (8.8) |
47.3 (7.3) |
46.2 (7.2) |
47.9 (11.0) |
48.8 (10.9) |
| Waist circumference (cm) |
70.6 (12.4) | 71.1 (11.9) | 67.2 (10.3) | 70.7 (11.5) | 74.1 (12.9) | 72.0 (12.5) |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) |
42.0 (11.8) | 46.2 (13.6) | 41.2 (11.9) | 43.6 (10.8) | 42.4 (12.9) | 44.6 (12.3) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) |
120.6 (89.4) | 103.5 (59.1) | 103.0 (72.1) | 116.5 (92.3) | 131.2 (91.2) | 96.9 (50.3) |
| Blood glucose (mg/dL) |
86.0 (10.1) | 81.1 (3.8) | 81.8 (7.6) | 82.1 (9.9) | 87.6 (8.6) | 89.5 (12.5) |
| MAPa (mm Hg) |
81.7 (10.3) | 84.8 (11.4) | 81.5 (10.7) | 83.8 (9.5) | 83.2 (11.1) | 83.8 (11.5) |
Note: aMAP stands for mean arterial pressure; bold denotes statistical differences between sexes or among grades, p < 0.05. Data were collected during the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 academic school years from five schools located from the state of Utah in the U.S.