TABLE 2.
Associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and different cardiovascular disease risk factors without (model 1) and with (model 2) additional adjustment for mediator variables, estimated from multivariable regression models: the Jackson Heart Study1
| FPG, mg/dL | WC, cm | HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | MAP,2 mm Hg | LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | |
| Model 13 | |||||
| 25(OH)D | −0.22 (−0.36, −0.09) | −0.13 (−0.19, −0.08) | 0.13 (0.06, 0.19) | −0.06 (−0.11, −0.01) | −0.07 (−0.24, 0.11) |
| Model 24 | |||||
| 25(OH)D | −0.20 (−0.33, −0.07) | −0.11 (−0.16, −0.06) | 0.10 (0.04, 0.16) | −0.06 (−0.12, −0.01) | −0.09 (−0.26, 0.09) |
| Mediator variables5 | |||||
| Log adiponectin | −10.1 (−13.9, −6.93) | −4.11 (−5.31, −2.91) | 15.2 (13.2, 16.7) | — | — |
| Log leptin | −4.9 (−8.87, −1.08) | 17.9 (16.5, 19.4) | — | — | — |
| Log CRP | 3.65 (1.84, 5.44) | 2.40 (1.71, 3.08) | — | — | — |
| Log aldosterone | — | — | — | 2.33 (1.05, 3.56) | — |
Values are multivariable-adjusted β coefficients (95% CIs), n = 4010. CRP, C-reactive protein; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; MAP, mean arterial pressure; WC, waist circumference; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
MAP was calculated as 1/3 (systolic blood pressure) + 2/3 (diastolic blood pressure).
Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, season, education, and respective medication use (if applicable).
Model 2 adjusted for the covariates of model 1 plus the specified mediator variables.
Mediator variables: adiponectin, leptin and CRP for FPG and WC; adiponectin for HDL cholesterol; and aldosterone for MAP.