Table 1.
Patient characteristics of the participants of the RESULT study conducted at the Lighthouse Clinic in urban Lilongwe, Malawi between January and March 2012
| Total Mean (SD) or N (% of total), N = 363 | HIV+ (%), N = 127 | HIV- (%), N = 247 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 34.1 (±10.9) | 33.9 (±9.3) | 34.2 (±11.6) | 0.81* |
| Sex | ||||
| Women | 174 (48%) | 57 (49%) | 117 (47%) | 0.75** |
| Men | 189 (52%) | 59 (51%) | 130 (53%) | |
| BMI | 23.2 (±4.8) | 21.3 (±3.4) | 24. (±5.10) | <0.001* |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.76 (±0.31) | 0.74 (±0.21) | 0.78 (±0.34) | 0.21* |
| Serum cystatin C (mg/L) | 0.82 (±0.23) | 0.90 (±0.18) | 0.79 (±0.24) | <0.001* |
| eGFR by cystatin C | 96.39 (±15.61) | 90.87 (±14.75) | 98.98 (±15.36) | <0.001* |
| Proteinuria | ||||
| ACR > 3 mg/mmol | 44 (12.1%) | 24 (20.7%) | 20 (8.1%) | 0.001** |
| No | 319 (87.9%) | 92 (79.3%) | 227 (91.9%) | |
| BP ≥ 140 systolic or | ||||
| ≥ 90 diastolic | 49 (13.5%) | 9 (7.8%) | 40 (16.2%) | 0.028** |
| No | 314 (86.5%) | 107 (92.2%) | 207 (83.8%) | |
| Schistosomiasis | ||||
| Positive (IIFT > 1:40 or ELISA ODa >3) | 123 (33.9%) | 34 (29.3%) | 89 (36%) | 0.379** |
| Negative or borderline | 240 (66.1%) | 82 (70.7%) | 158 (63.9%) | |
*t-test; **χ 2 test
a IIFT indirect immunofluorescent assay, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay optical density