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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016 Nov 1;73(3):340–347. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001114

Table 3. Relative Hazard of Event by Enrollment CD4 Count*, Race/Ethnicity**, and Age†.

CD4 <200 cells/mm3 CD4 200-349 cells/mm3 CD4 350-499 cells/mm3 CD4 ≥500 cells/mm3 Test of Category Effects††
ART Initiation
Enrollment Year SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value P value
2003-04 Ref 0.59 (0.53 - 0.66) <0.001 0.33 (0.29 - 0.37) <0.001 0.25 (0.22 - 0.29) <0.001 <0.001
2005-06 1.07 (0.98 - 1.17) 0.146 0.68 (0.61 - 0.76) <0.001 0.33 (0.30 - 0.38) <0.001 0.22 (0.19 - 0.25) <0.001 <0.001
2007-08 1.15 (1.05 - 1.25) 0.002 0.82 (0.74 - 0.90) <0.001 0.43 (0.38 - 0.48) <0.001 0.30 (0.27 - 0.34) <0.001 <0.001
2009-10 1.40 (1.28 - 1.53) <0.001 1.02 (0.92 - 1.13) 0.743 0.63 (0.57 - 0.70) <0.001 0.35 (0.32 - 0.40) <0.001 <0.001
2011-12 1.63 (1.48 - 1.79) <0.001 1.24 (1.12 - 1.38) <0.001 0.82 (0.73 - 0.92) 0.001 0.51 (0.46 - 0.57) <0.001 <0.001
Test of year effects†† <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
ART initiation linear trend‡ 1.06 (1.05 - 1.07) <0.001 1.10 (1.08 - 1.12) <0.001 1.13 (1.12 - 1.15) <0.001 1.11 (1.09 - 1.12) <0.001 <0.001
HIV Suppression
Enrollment Year SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value P value
2003-04 Ref 0.71 (0.62 - 0.81) <0.001 0.52 (0.46 - 0.60) <0.001 0.38 (0.33 - 0.44) <0.001 <0.001
2005-06 1.01 (0.90 - 1.12) 0.927 0.88 (0.77 - 1.00) 0.049 0.48 (0.42 - 0.56) <0.001 0.34 (0.30 - 0.40) <0.001 <0.001
2007-08 1.17 (1.05 - 1.30) 0.005 1.04 (0.92 - 1.17) 0.537 0.63 (0.55 - 0.72) <0.001 0.48 (0.42 - 0.55) <0.001 <0.001
2009-10 1.35 (1.21 - 1.51) <0.001 1.25 (1.10 - 1.41) <0.001 0.91 (0.81 - 1.04) 0.168 0.59 (0.52 - 0.67) <0.001 <0.001
2011-12 1.37 (1.22 - 1.54) <0.001 1.27 (1.12 - 1.44) <0.001 1.17 (1.03 - 1.33) 0.020 0.79 (0.70 - 0.89) <0.001 <0.001
Test of year effects†† <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
HIV suppression linear trend‡ 1.05 (1.03 - 1.06) <0.001 1.08 (1.06 - 1.09) <0.001 1.12 (1.10 - 1.14) <0.001 1.11 (1.09 - 1.13) <0.001 <0.001
Black White Hispanic Test of Category Effects††
ART Initiation
Enrollment Year SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value P value
2003-04 Ref 1.01 (0.91 - 1.13) 0.801 1.04 (0.93 - 1.16) 0.490 0.834
2005-06 1.04 (0.95 - 1.13) 0.414 0.96 (0.86 - 1.07) 0.446 1.28 (1.14 - 1.42) <0.001 <0.001
2007-08 1.18 (1.08 - 1.28) <0.001 1.23 (1.11 - 1.36) <0.001 1.45 (1.31 - 1.60) <0.001 <0.001
2009-10 1.46 (1.35 - 1.59) <0.001 1.74 (1.56 - 1.93) <0.001 1.66 (1.50 - 1.85) <0.001 <0.001
2011-12 1.86 (1.70 - 2.03) <0.001 2.16 (1.95 - 2.40) <0.001 2.05 (1.84 - 2.28) <0.001 0.007
Test of year effects†† <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
ART initiation linear trend‡ 1.08 (1.07 - 1.09) <0.001 1.11 (1.09 - 1.13) <0.001 1.08 (1.07 - 1.10) <0.001 0.002
HIV Suppression
Enrollment Year SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value P value
2003-04 Ref 1.00 (0.88 - 1.13) 0.956 1.11 (0.97 - 1.26) 0.128 0.417
2005-06 1.02 (0.92 - 1.14) 0.663 0.95 (0.84 - 1.08) 0.423 1.28 (1.12 - 1.46) <0.001 <0.001
2007-08 1.19 (1.07 - 1.31) 0.001 1.26 (1.12 - 1.42) <0.001 1.59 (1.41 - 1.79) <0.001 <0.001
2009-10 1.41 (1.28 - 1.56) <0.001 1.60 (1.41 - 1.81) <0.001 1.92 (1.70 - 2.18) <0.001 <0.001
2011-12 1.63 (1.47 - 1.81) <0.001 1.76 (1.55 - 2.00) <0.001 2.06 (1.82 - 2.33) <0.001 <0.001
Test of year effects†† <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
HIV suppression linear trend‡ 1.07 (1.06 - 1.08) <0.001 1.09 (1.07 - 1.10) <0.001 1.08 (1.07 - 1.10) <0.001 0.001
Age ≤30 Age 31-40 Age 41-50 Age >50 Test of Category Effects††
ART Initiation
Enrollment Year SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value P value
2003-04 Ref 1.24 (1.11 - 1.40) <0.001 1.28 (1.13 - 1.45) <0.001 1.39 (1.19 - 1.62) <0.001 <0.001
2005-06 1.07 (0.95 - 1.22) 0.273 1.31 (1.16 - 1.48) <0.001 1.32 (1.17 - 1.49) <0.001 1.42 (1.21 - 1.67) <0.001 <0.001
2007-08 1.21 (1.07 - 1.36) 0.002 1.58 (1.40 - 1.77) <0.001 1.59 (1.41 - 1.79) <0.001 1.59 (1.38 - 1.83) <0.001 <0.001
2009-10 1.62 (1.44 - 1.82) <0.001 1.98 (1.76 - 2.23) <0.001 1.94 (1.72 - 2.19) <0.001 1.99 (1.73 - 2.30) <0.001 0.003
2011-12 2.13 (1.89 - 2.40) <0.001 2.32 (2.05 - 2.64) <0.001 2.43 (2.15 - 2.75) <0.001 2.57 (2.22 - 2.96) <0.001 0.003
Test of year effects†† <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
ART initiation linear trend‡ 1.11 (1.09 - 1.12) <0.001 1.09 (1.07 - 1.10) <0.001 1.09 (1.07 - 1.10) <0.001 1.08 (1.06 - 1.10) <0.001 <0.001
HIV Suppression
Enrollment Year SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value SHR (95% CI) P value P value
2003-04 Ref 1.13 (0.98 - 1.30) 0.095 1.22 (1.05 - 1.41) 0.010 1.77 (1.48 - 2.12) <0.001 <0.001
2005-06 0.95 (0.81 - 1.11) 0.493 1.21 (1.05 - 1.39) 0.010 1.34 (1.16 - 1.54) <0.001 1.65 (1.37 - 1.99) <0.001 <0.001
2007-08 1.28 (1.11 - 1.48) 0.001 1.57 (1.36 - 1.81) <0.001 1.63 (1.42 - 1.88) <0.001 1.84 (1.56 - 2.17) <0.001 <0.001
2009-10 1.71 (1.48 - 1.97) <0.001 2.04 (1.77 - 2.36) <0.001 1.89 (1.64 - 2.18) <0.001 2.25 (1.90 - 2.67) <0.001 0.002
2011-12 2.15 (1.87 - 2.48) <0.001 2.15 (1.86 - 2.49) <0.001 2.26 (1.95 - 2.62) <0.001 2.56 (2.17 - 3.03) <0.001 0.014
Test of year effects†† <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
HIV suppression linear trend‡ 1.10 (1.08 - 1.12) <0.001 1.08 (1.07 - 1.10) <0.001 1.07 (1.05 - 1.09) <0.001 1.05 (1.02 - 1.07) <0.001 <0.001
*

Statistically significant results (at a <0.05 level) are displayed in bold; adjusted for race/ethnicity, age, gender, HIV risk, and clinic site

**

Adjusted for CD4 count, age, gender, HIV risk, and clinic site

†

Adjusted for CD4 count, race/ethnicity, gender, HIV risk, and clinic site

††

Linear contrasts used to perform a joint test (χ2) of difference in effects within a given year or category

‡

Enrollment year modeled as a continuous variable to determine a linear trend (i.e. slope) for time to ART initiation and virologic suppression