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Brownian dynamics model of meiotic chromosomes. (A) Chromosomes are represented by freely-jointed bead-spring chains, with each bead subject to randomly directed thermal forces as well as spring forces oriented towards adjacent beads in the chain. (B) The bead-spring chains are confined in a spherical region that represents the interior of the nucleus. Additional constraints such as attachment to nuclear envelope and active forces applied at telomeres are described in the text.
