. 2016 Nov 22;45(Suppl 3):309–321. doi: 10.1007/s13280-016-0831-4

Table 2.

A cumulative list from focus groups of characteristics of people or households of higher or lower well-being. The letter in brackets indicates the dimension(s) of adaptive capacity to which that characteristic relates (i.e. A = assets, L = learning, S = social organisation, Ag = agency, F = flexibility)

Lower well-being	Higher well-being
Live in leaf house (A) Couples that live with their parents (S) Need to borrow farming and fishing tools (A) Money is spent on alcohol (A) Limited household assets (A) Children do not attend school (A, L) Live in a community with poor sanitation and water supply (A) Do not work with other community members (S) Do not go to church (S) Live in a community with poor leadership (S) Live in a community where men and women engage in gossip (S) Live in a community in which men are lazy (S) Dependent on wantoks ^a (S) Poor knowledge of agricultural practices (L) Are not active in seeking income earning opportunities (L, Ag)	Live in permanent house with iron roofing (A) Own their own tools for fishing and farming (A) Money is spent on store bought foods (A) Access to marine and land resources (A) Large and productive agricultural plot (A) Hire labour to work in agricultural plot (A, S, F) Children attend school (A, L) Engage in paid employment (A, S, F) People are educated (L) People are creative and make use of their talents (L, Ag) Live in a community with a big permanent church (A, S) People who dress well (A) People who have a loving family (S) People who help and encourage others (S, L) Live in a community with a strong Church leader (S) People in a community work together (S)

Lower well-being

Higher well-being

Live in leaf house (A)
Couples that live with their parents (S)
Need to borrow farming and fishing tools (A)
Money is spent on alcohol (A)
Limited household assets (A)
Children do not attend school (A, L)
Live in a community with poor sanitation and water supply (A)
Do not work with other community members (S)
Do not go to church (S)
Live in a community with poor leadership (S)
Live in a community where men and women engage in gossip (S)
Live in a community in which men are lazy (S)
Dependent on wantoks ^a (S)
Poor knowledge of agricultural practices (L)
Are not active in seeking income earning opportunities (L, Ag)

Live in permanent house with iron roofing (A)
Own their own tools for fishing and farming (A)
Money is spent on store bought foods (A)
Access to marine and land resources (A)
Large and productive agricultural plot (A)
Hire labour to work in agricultural plot (A, S, F)
Children attend school (A, L)
Engage in paid employment (A, S, F)
People are educated (L)
People are creative and make use of their talents (L, Ag)
Live in a community with a big permanent church (A, S)
People who dress well (A)
People who have a loving family (S)
People who help and encourage others (S, L)
Live in a community with a strong Church leader (S)
People in a community work together (S)

^aFrom the English “one talk”, refers to a person or group of people that share the same language, kinship group, geographical origins and common belief in mutual reciprocity (Nanau 2011)