FIGURE 5.
Dissimilarities between the diazotrophic communities (A) and the entire bacterial communities (B) of different Central Arctic environments. Laptev Sea (LS) samples are in dark blue, Ice Top (IT) in brown, Ice bottom (IB) in yellow, Surface waters (SW) in blue, Melt Ponds (MP) in light blue, and ice algal aggregate in green. Points within each group are connected to their group centroid with a spider diagram. The light pink ellipses show 95% dispersion of each group. (A) Two dimensional NMDS ordination plot of Jaccard dissimilarities based on the presence absence of nifH subclusters in each sample. The stress of the plot is 0.08. An ANOSIM post hoc test showed that the Laptev Sea samples are significantly different from the sea-ice environment samples (R = 0.46, p = 0.003). Individual p values were Bonferroni corrected. (B) Two dimensional NMDS ordination plot of Bray-Curtis dissimilarities based on the relative abundances of ARISA OTUs. The stress of the plot is 0.13. An ANOSIM post hoc test showed strong dissimilarities between the Surface Water and the Ice Top samples (R = 0.94, p = 0.005) as well as the Laptev Sea and Ice Top samples (R = 0.90, p = 0.014). Individual p-values were Bonferroni corrected.