TEM and TRM cells infiltrate the lung airways after i.t. BCG vaccination. (A) Representative flow cytometry gating strategy for TEM and TRM cells among CD4+ and CD8+ T cells at day 60 after BCG immunization in BALF pregated on TCRβ+ CD4+ or TCRβ+ CD8+ T cells. (B, C) Quantification of total CD4+ TEM, CD4+ TRM, CD8+ TEM, and CD8+ TRM cells by flow cytometry 60 days after BCG vaccination in BALF (B) and lung parenchyma (C). Results are presented as pooled mean data ± the standard error of the mean plus individual data points (B, C) or representative fluorescence-activated cell sorter plots (A) from two pooled independent experiments (n = 5 to 10 mice per group). ****, P ≤ 0.0001; ***, P ≤ 0.001; *, P ≤ 0.05. (B, C) Analysis of variance with Tukey’s posttest for significance.