Figure 3. Characterization of the FF peptide-based power generators.

(a) Schematic of the FF peptide-based generator connected to the measurement equipment. Bottom-right inset: photography of a real device. (b) Schematic of the measurement set-up in which a linear motor pushes with controlled forces on the top electrode in (a). The linear motor was programmed to always keep contact with the top electrode to minimize the effect of static charges. (c,d) Open-circuit voltage (c) and short-circuit current (d) from a generator using microrods from positive-EF growth. (e) Dependence of the power output from the generators on the resistance of the external load under 50 N applied force. (f) Linear dependence of the open-circuit voltage on the applied force. Error bar: s.d.