Regional effects of estradiol and tamoxifen on Bdnf gene expression in postnatal hippocampus, as determined by real-time qPCR at PN4. Transcript levels were normalized to Gapdh and expressed relative to vehicle treated females within each region. A) In dentate, estradiol decreases Bdnf transcripts in both sexes, while tamoxifen decreases Bdnf transcripts in males only (ANOVA, *p<0.05, **p<0.01 compared to same sex vehicle control). B) In CA1, estradiol increases Bdnf gene expression in both sexes, while tamoxifen has no effect. (ANOVA, ***p<0.0001, compared to same sex vehicle control). Bdnf expression was higher in vehicle treated males compared to vehicle treated females in both regions (ANOVA, #p<0.05). n= 5-6 animals per treatment group for each sex.