Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of smokers in smoke-free adult inpatient psychiatric units of two hospitals

Characteristic	Total N	N	%
Demographic
Age (M±SD years)	324	39.8±13.0
Sex	324
Male		198	61
Female		126	39
Gender	324
Male		199	61
Female		116	36
Transgender		9	3
Race-ethnicity	324
Caucasian		188	58
African American		47	15
Asian American		28	9
Hispanic		19	6
Other (Native American, multiethnic, or multiracial)		42	13
Marital status	322
Never married		196	61
Divorced, separated, or widowed		75	23
Married or live-in partner		51	16
Education (M±SD years)	321	14.0±3.1
Employment status	317
Unemployed		198	63
Employed		74	23
Retired, student, homemaker		45	14
Annual income	317
<$10,000		143	45
$10,000–$20,999		70	22
$21,000–$40,999		50	16
≥$41,000		54	17
Psychiatric	324
GAF score on admission (M±SD)a	304	31.7±8.8
Days of hospitalization (median)b		6.0
DSM-IV axis I disorder	324
Primary unipolar depression		142	44
Primary bipolar depression		68	21
Primary psychotic disorder		81	25
Other		33	10
Substance use
Hazardous alcohol consumption (AUDIT)c	321	132	41
Current illicit drug–related problems (DAST)d	320	179	56
Smoking
Age first smoked (M±SD years)	323	15.1±6.3
Age became regular smoker (M±SD years)	323	18.6±7.6
Duration of regular smoking (M±SD years)	321	20.9±13.4
Cigarettes smoked per day (M±SD)	324	19.0±12.1
Smoked within first 30 minutes of waking (yes)	324	249	77
Heaviness of Smoking Index score (M±SD)e	324	3.2±1.7
Nicotine withdrawal (M±SD)f	322	15.9±6.6
Lifetime quit attempts (median)g	320	3
24-hour quit attempt in past year (yes)	323	140	43
Smoke-free hospitalization > longest lifetime quit attempt (yes)	272	33	12
Smoke-free hospitalization > most recent quit attempt (yes)	277	79	29
Stage of change	324
Precontemplation		119	37
Contemplation		145	45
Preparation		60	19
Past nicotine replacement patch use	324	88	27
Past nicotine replacement gum use	324	64	20

^aGlobal Assessment of Functioning. Possible scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better functioning.

^bInterquartile range 4 and 11

^cAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test

^dDrug Abuse Screening Test

^ePossible scores range from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating heavier smoking as indexed by time to first cigarette of the day and daily cigarette consumption.

^fAs measured on the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale. Possible scores range from 0 to 28, with higher scores indicating greater nicotine withdrawal severity.

^gInterquartile range 1 and 10