Table 1.

Measures for Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease

Variable	Term Used	Definition	Standardized (Yes or No)	Study
Alcohol use	Heavy drinking	≥2 drinks per day over 30 days	No	Andersen et al., 2014.
		Consuming ≥ 60 alcohol containing drinks per month	No	Case et al., 2004.
		≥3 drinks per day	No	Diamant et al., 2000
		≥2 drinks per day for men and ≥1 drinks per day for women	No	Dilley et al., 2010.
			Yes: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2010) criteria	Garland-Forshee et al., 2014
		Drinking daily or almost daily	No	Hatzenbuehler et al., 2013.
		≥ 5 drinks on one occasion for men and ≥4 drinks on one occasion for women	Yes: National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) criteria (n.d.) (corresponds with definition of binge drinking)	Farmer et al., 2015.
	Binge drinking	≥ 5 drinks on one occasion for men and ≥4 drinks on one occasion for women	Yes: NIAAA (n.d.) criteria	Blosnich et al., 2014. Everett & Mollborn, 2013. Garland-Forshee et al., 2014. Hatzenbuehler et al., 2014. Matthews & Lee, 2014.
		≥ 5 drinks in one sitting in the past two weeks	No	Blosnich et al., 2015.
		Binge drinking at least once in the past 30 days	No	Blosnich & Silenzio, 2013
		No definition provided	No	Conron et al., 2010. Wang et al. 2007.
	Risky drinking	No definition provided	Yes: NIAAA (n.d.) criteria	Farmer et al., 2013a. Farmer et al., 2013b.
		> 8 drinks per week	No	Steele et al., 2009.
	Excessive drinking	≥ 5 drinks on one occasion for men and ≥4 drinks on one occasion for women	Yes: NIAAA (n.d.) criteria (corresponds with definition of binge drinking)	Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2013.
	Current drinking	≥ 3 drinks on days when drinking occurs	No	Mays et al., 2002.
	Alcohol consumption	None or less than weekly, weekly, or daily in the past year	No	Swartz, 2014.
		Frequency of beer, wine, and liquor consumption	Yes: Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ)	Valanis et al., 2000.
		High daily quantities in past 4 weeks	No	Wang et al., 2007.
Tobacco use	Current smoking	Current smoking and ≥ 100 cigarettes in lifetime	Yes: CDC (2014) criteria	Blosnich et al., 2014. Dilley et al., 2010. Farmer et al., 2015. Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2013. Garland-Forshee et al., 2014. Matthews & Lee, 2014. Valanis et al., 2000.
		Current smoking	No	Andersen et al., 2014. Blosnich & Silenzio, 2013. Case et al., 2004. Clark et al., 2015. Conron et al., 2010. Diamant et al., 2000. Diamant & Wold, 2003. Farmer et al., 2013a. Farmer et al., 2013b. Farmer et al., 2015. Roberts et al., 2003.
		Smoking in the last 30 days	No	Blosnich et al., 2015. Everett & Mollborn, 2013. Hatzenbuehler et al., 2013. Hatzenbuehler et al., 2014.
		Current use of cigars, cigarettes, pipes or smokeless tobacco	No	Mays et al., 2002.
	Tobacco use	Daily or not daily	No	Steele et al., 2009.
		Never smoker, ex-smoker, light smoker, or heavy smoker	No	Wang et al, 2007.
Physical Activity	Physical activity	Moderate activity 30 minutes 5 or more days/week; 20 minutes on 3 or more day/week	Yes: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) (2008) criteria	Dilley et al., 2010. Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2013. Garland-Forshee et al., 2014.
		Strenuous exercise ≥ 1 time per week	No	Case et al., 2004. Roberts et al., 2003.
		Exercise in past 30 days	No	Blosnich et al., 2014.
		Frequency and duration of walking at different speeds and strenuous/moderate exercise assessed.	No	Valanis et al., 2000.
		Low, medium, or high activity in last 7 days	No	Everett & Mollborn, 2013.
		No physical activity in the last 30 days	No	Matthews & Lee, 2014.
	Regular physical activity	5 bouts of moderate/strenuous exercise in the past week.	Yes: Prior cited research	Hatzenbuehler et al., 2013. Hatzenbuehler et al., 2014.
Mental Health	Depression	Based on standardized tool	Yes: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale	Strutz et al., 2014. Valanis et al., 2000.
			Yes: National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule	Andersen et al., 2014.
			Yes: Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36)	Case et al., 2004.
		Any depressive disorder	No	Matthews & Lee, 2014.
		Depressed in the past 30 days	No	Boehmer et al., 2014.
		Diagnosis or treatment in the past 12 months	No	Blosnich et al., 2015. Wang et al., 2007.
	Mental health	12 month diagnosis or treatment of other psychiatric conditions	No	Blosnich et al., 2015.
	Mental/psych ological distress	≥ 6 days when mental health was not good	Yes: Frequent Mental Distress Scale	Blosnich et al., 2014. Farmer et al., 2015.
		Non-specific psychological distress	Yes: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale	Cochran & Mays, 2007. Swartz, 2014. Wallace et al., 2011.
	Mental health needs	Need help with mental health or emotional problems	No	Boehmer et al., 2014. Diamant et al., 2000. Wallace et al., 2011.
	Mood/anxiety disorders	Including depression, bipolar disorder, mania, or dysthymia	No	Steele et al., 2009.
	Bad mental health	≥ 5 days of poor mental health in the past 30 days	No	Matthews & Lee, 2014.
	Poor mental health	Days in past month that mental health was not good	No	Diamant & Wold, 2003.
		≥ 7 days of poor mental health in the past 30 days	No	Garland-Forshee et al., 2014.
		≥ 10 day of poor mental health in the past 30 days	No	Dilley et al., 2010.
		≥14 days of poor mental health in the past 30 days	Yes: CDC (2000) criteria	Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2013.
	Self- perceived mental health status	5-point global assessment scale (excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor)	No	Steele et al., 2009.
	Tense/worrie d	Feeling tense or worried ≥ 15 days in the past 30 days	No	Conron et al., 2010.
Self-rated Physical Health	Bad physical health	≥ 5 days of poor physical health in the past 30 days	No	Matthews & Lee, 2014.
	Self-rated general health	Poor or fair general health	No	Boehmer et al., 2014.
		Days in past month that physical health was not good	No	Diamant & Wold, 2003.
		Poor or fair physical health	No	Conron et al., 2010. Dilley et al., 2010.
		Self-rated health	No	Diamant et al., 2000. Strutz et al., 2014. Wallace et al., 2011. Wang et al., 2007.
	Poor physical health	≥ 7 days of poor mental health in the past 30 days	No	Garland-Forshee et al., 2014.
		≥ 14 days of poor physical health in the past 30 days	Yes: CDC (2000) guidelines	Blosnich et al., 2014. Blosnich & Silenzio, 2013. Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2013
	Rating of physical health	Screening tool	Yes: Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12) Physical Component Scale	Cochran & Mays, 2007.
	Self- perceived physical health status	5-point global assessment scale (excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor)	No	Steele et al., 2009.
	Self-rated health status	Excellent, very good, good versus fair/poor	No	Farmer et al., 2015.
Drug Use	Illegal drug use	Use in last 30 days	No	Blosnich et al., 2015. Conron et al., 2010.
	Drug use	Use in the last year	No	Everett & Mollborn, 2013. Swartz, 2014. Wang et al., 2007.
		Lifetime use	No	Farmer et al., 2013a. Farmer et al., 2013b. Wang et al., 2007.
Obesity	BMI	Not reported	Yes: Standard formula (not reported)	Hatzenbuehler et al., 2013.
			No	Clark et al., 2015.
	Obesity	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2	Yes: World Health Organization (WHO) (2000) criteria	Everett & Mollborn, 2013. Strutz et al., 2014.
			Yes: National Institutes of Health (NIH) (1998) criteria	Farmer et al., 2013a. Farmer et al., 2013b.
			Yes: CDC (2012) criteria	Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2013.
			Yes: CDC (2013) criteria	Matthews & Lee, 2014.
			No	Blosnich et al., 2014. Case et al., 2004. Diamant & Wold, 2003. Garland-Forshee et al., 2014. Mays et al., 2002. Steele et al., 2009. Wang et al., 2007.
		Not reported	Yes: CDC (2009) criteria	Conron et al., 2010.
				Valanis et al., 2000.
		Self-reported weight and height	No	Blosnich & Silenzio, 2013. Boehmer et al., 2014.
Overweight	BMI	BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2	Yes: CDC (2013) criteria	Matthews & Lee, 2014.
			Yes: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) (1998) criteria	Roberts et al., 2003.
			Yes: NIH (1998) criteria	Farmer et al., 2013a. Farmer et al., 2013b.
			Yes: WHO (2000) criteria	Everett & Mollborn, 2013. Strutz et al., 2014.
			No	Blosnich et al., 2014. Case et al., 2004. Diamant & Wold, 2003. Dilley et al., 2010. Farmer et al., 2015. Mays et al., 2002. Steele et al., 2009.
		Not reported	Yes: CDC (2009) criteria	Conron et al., 2010. Valanis et al., 2000.
		Self-reported weight and height	No	Blosnich & Silenzio, 2013. Boehmer et al., 2014.
Diet	Daily fruit and vegetable servings	Divided into 4 categories: < 2 servings, 2-3 servings, 4 to 5 servings, and more than 6 servings	No	Valanis et al., 2000.
	Insufficient fruits and vegetables	Not eating fruits and vegetables 5 or more times per day	No	Dilley et al., 2010.
		< 5 fruits and vegetables per day for the past 30 days	No	Matthews & Lee, 2014.
	Low fat diet	Self-reported	No	Roberts et al., 2003.