Table 6.

Adjusted Regression Models Assessing Extent of CAC Burden in Participants With CAC >0 by Quintiles of Total Calcium Intake at the MESA Baseline Exam

Calcium Intake Quintile	Difference in Agatston Unitsa	95% CI Limits	P Value
Model 1b
Q1: <434.9	0	Reference	—
Q2: 434.9–650.7	−15.45	−76.5 to 45.6	0.62
Q3: 650.7–936.5	−19.69	−80.7 to 41.3	0.53
Q4: 936.5–1453.5	−31.78	−94.3 to 30.7	0.32
Q5: ≥1453.5	−7.84	−71.4 to 55.7	0.81
Model 2c
Q1: <434.9	0	Reference	—
Q2: 434.9–650.7	−31.95	−95.2 to 31.3	0.32
Q3: 650.7–936.5	−45.16	−113.7 to 23.4	0.20
Q4: 936.5–1453.5	−59.33	−133.3 to 14.6	0.12
Q5: ≥1453.5	−51.00	−133.6 to 31.6	0.23

BMI indicates body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CAC, coronary artery calcium; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; MESA, the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

^aLog transformed.

^bModel 1 adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, site, BMI, exercise, smoking, pack‐years, alcohol, education, income, health insurance, and total caloric intake.

^cModel 2 adjusted for model 1 variables+systolic BP, diastolic BP, family history of heart disease, total cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol, lipid‐lowering medication use, diabetes mellitus, eGFR, total homocysteine, current aspirin use, and calcium supplement use.