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. 2016 Nov 24;6:37585. doi: 10.1038/srep37585

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Gene profiling in the aortic arch displayed no difference between the two groups in (a) ICAM-1 or (b) CXCL1 chemokine expression levels. (c) CCL2 expression showed a slight reduction upon LPA_1/3 antagonism. (d) Liver CCL2 expression was significantly lower in the Ki16425 treated animals compared to the control. (e) Macrophage CD68 gene expression in the liver was reduced for the Ki16425 mice compared to the controls. (f) CCL2 chemokine secretion was decreased up to 65% in the circulation of the Ki16425 group, compared to the control. Gene expression (n = 8/grp) is depicted as relative to two housekeeping genes (β-actin and Rpl27). Serum CCL2 concentration was measured using an ELISA assay (n = 13/grp). All values were calculated as mean ± SEM. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).