Table 1.
Baseline clinical and metabolic characteristics of the participants
| All | Women | Men | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N* | 3070 | 2072 | 998 | ||
| Age (years) | 50.0 [43.3, 57.9] | 48.6 [42.4, 55.7] | 53.3 [46.4, 62.0] | <0.001 | |
| Phys Activity (met-hrs/wk) | 9.9 [3.9, 20.7] | 8.1 [3.2, 17.0] | 14.9 [5.8, 28.4] | <0.001 | |
| Alcohol | <0.001 | ||||
| % None | 1682(55.8%) | 1274 (62.7%) | 408 (41.6%) | ||
| % <1 drink/wk | 573(19.0%) | 390 (19.2%) | 183 (18.7%) | ||
| % 1 drink /wk to <1/day | 613(20.3%) | 310 (15.2%) | 303 (30.9%) | ||
| % ≥1 drink/day | 146(4.8%) | 59 (2.9%) | 87 (8.9%) | ||
| Diet saturated fat (g) | 23.9 [16.1, 35.1] | 23.0 [15.6, 34.0] | 25.8 [17.1, 37.8] | <0.001 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.8 [29.0, 37.4] | 33.8 [29.6, 38.7] | 30.9 [28.0, 34.4] | <0.001 | |
| Waist (cm) | 103.9 [94.8, 113.6] | 102.5 [93.0, 112.7] | 106.0 [98.8, 115.3] | <0.001 | |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.9 [5.6, 6.2] | 5.9 [5.6, 6.2] | 5.9 [5.6, 6.2] | 0.55 | |
| Log 1/FI (pmol/L) | −5.1 [−5.4, −4.7] | −5.1 [−5.5, −4.8] | −5.1 [−5.4, −4.7] | 0.435 | |
| Statin use (%) | 4.2% | 5.8% | 3.5% | 0.002 | |
| Lipid-lowering meds (%) | 4.9% | 7.0% | 4.0% | 0.002 | |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.6 [1.1, 2.3] | 1.6 [1.1, 2.2] | 1.7 [1.2, 2.4] | <0.001 | |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.1 [1.0, 1.3] | 1.2 [1.0, 1.4] | 1.0 [0.9, 1.2] | <0.001 | |
| Large HDL-P (µmol/L)* | 3.4 [2.2, 5.4] | 4.2 [2.8, 6.1] | 2.4 [1.7, 3.5] | <0.001 | |
| Medium HDL-P (µmol/L)* | 11 [8.1, 14.7] | 12.3 [8.9, 16.5] | 9.2 [6.5, 12] | <0.001 | |
| Small HDL-P (µmol/L)* | 19.1 [16.1, 22.3] | 18.5 [15.4, 21.9] | 20.1 [17.3, 22.9] | <0.001 | |
| Total HDL-P (µmol/L)* | 34.4 [30.8, 38.8] | 35.9 [32.0, 40.2] | 32.3 [29.1, 35.5] | <0.001 | |
| HDL size (nm)* | 8.8 [8.6, 9.1] | 8.8 [8.7, 9.2 | 8.6 [8.5, 8.8] | <0.001 | |
| Adiponectin (ng/ml) | 7.3 [1.7, 7.6] | 7.8 [6.0, 10.3] | 6.3 [4.9, 8.0] | <0.001 | |
| tPA (ng/ml) | 10.9 [8.7, 13.4] | 10.4 [8.3, 12.7] | 12.0 [9.9, 14.6] | <0.001 | |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 374.0 [328.0, 432.0] | 388.0 [340.0, 448.0] | 348.0 [307.0, 397.0] | <0.001 | |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.7 [1.7, 7.6] | 5.0 [2.5, 9.2] | 2.0 [0.9, 3.8] | <0.001 | |
| IL6 (pg/ml) | 1.9 [1.3, 3.0] | 2.1 [1.4, 3.2] | 1.6 [1.1, 2.5] | <0.001 | |
| MCP1 (pg/ml) | 138.0 [115.7, 167.1] | 135.3 [113.2, 165.4] | 143.7 [121.0, 169.6] | <0.001 | |
| sICAM (ng/ml) | 247.0 [209.6, 288.8] | 251.4 [212.0, 293.4] | 239.8 [203.6, 278.3] | <0.001 | |
| sE selectin (ng/ml) | 44.0 [32.9, 56.7] | 43.7 [32.3, 56.2] | 44.5 [34.2, 57.7] | 0.046 | |
Data are expressed in median [Interquartile range] or number (%).
*
HDL subfractions measured in a subset of 716 men and 1269 women.