Table 1. Baseline Clinical Characteristics between the Two Groups.
| Variables, n (%) | Entire patients | Matched patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diltiazem (n=842) | Dual (n=1899) | p value | Diltiazem (n=811) | Dual (n=811) | p value | |
| Gender (male) | 384 (45.6) | 1025 (53.9) | <0.001 | 374 (46.1) | 382 (47.1) | 0.690 |
| Age | 57.0±11.2 | 56.0±11.5 | 0.042 | 57.0±11.2 | 56.7±11.8 | 0.627 |
| Blood pressure (BP) | ||||||
| Systolic BP | 133±19 | 134±20 | 0.120 | 133±19 | 132±19 | 0.541 |
| Diastolic BP | 76.7±12.4 | 78.3±12.5 | 0.002 | 76.8±12.4 | 76.5±12.1 | 0.662 |
| Heart rate | 70.4±12.7 | 70.1±12.4 | 0.608 | 70.5±12.8 | 70.2±12.8 | 0.710 |
| Pulse pressure | 56.6±15.7 | 56.2±16.1 | 0.577 | 56.6±15.7 | 56.3±16.2 | 0.695 |
| Body mass index | 24.6±3.1 | 24.3±3.1 | 0.042 | 24.6±3.1 | 24.1±3.0 | 0.001 |
| LVEF (%) | 59.4±2.3 | 59.1±3.5 | 0.034 | 59.4±2.3 | 59.3±3.3 | 0.550 |
| Hypertension | 397 (47.1) | 819 (43.1) | 0.051 | 376 (46.3) | 367 (45.2) | 0.654 |
| Diabetes | 134 (15.9) | 316 (16.6) | 0.636 | 131 (16.1) | 137 (16.8) | 0.688 |
| New-onset diabetes | 31 (3.6) | 74 (3.8) | 0.787 | 31 (3.8) | 31 (3.8) | 1.000 |
| Insulin | 7 (0.8) | 39 (2.0) | 0.022 | 7 (0.8) | 7 (0.8) | 1.000 |
| Medication | 91 (10.8) | 189 (9.9) | 0.495 | 88 (10.8) | 90 (11.0) | 0.874 |
| Dietary | 10 (1.1) | 31 (1.6) | 0.376 | 10 (1.2) | 13 (1.6) | 0.529 |
| Dyslipidemia | 210 (24.9) | 637 (33.5) | <0.001 | 207 (25.5) | 212 (26.1) | 0.777 |
| History smokers | 252 (29.9) | 638 (33.5) | 0.059 | 244 (30.0) | 244 (30.0) | 1.000 |
| Current smokers | 172 (20.4) | 465 (24.4) | 0.020 | 167 (20.5) | 172 (21.2) | 0.760 |
| History alcoholics | 240 (28.5) | 810 (42.6) | <0.001 | 237 (29.2) | 229 (28.2) | 0.661 |
| Current alcoholics | 220 (26.1) | 750 (39.4) | <0.001 | 219 (27.0) | 214 (26.3) | 0.779 |
LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.