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. 2016 Nov 25;7:435. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00435

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Copyright © 2016 Chen, Lv, Kobayashi, Xiong, Sun, Lin, Genovese, Epifano, Hou, Tang, Ji and Yu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of madagascine on AMPK phosphorylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. (A) 0.3–30 μM madagascine increased the phosphorylation of eNOS and the phosphorylation of AMPK with incubation time of 4 min. (B) 10 μM madagascine increased the phosphorylation of eNOS and the phosphorylation of AMPK with incubation time of 1–24 min. (C) Madagascine in different concentrations increased the phosphorylation of eNOS and the phosphorylation of AMPK with different incubation times. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD and the data. The group without madagascine incubation is set to a relative value of 100% (control). Other data are the relative values compared with control. ^∗∗p < 0.01 compared with the control, n = 6 tissues; ^##p < 0.01 compared with the corresponding data in 0.3 μM madagascine treated group or 1 min treated group.