FIGURE 5.

Metformin-treated cells display increased untargeted acetylation of chromatin histones. PC3 cells were treated with 0 and 1 mm metformin for 72 h. ChIP experiments were performed with antibodies against total histone H3, acH3, and acH4. Occupancies of H3, acH3, and acH4 were determined in the promoter regions of p21, IL6, IL8, ACTB, GAPDH, SAT2, MYOD1, Bcl-2, Bcl-3, cIAP1, and cIAP2 genes. Acetylation per nucleosome was calculated as ratios of acH3 to total H3 and acH4 to total H3. The experiments were repeated three times, and the results are shown as means ± S.D. (error bars). Values that are statistically different (p < 0.05) from the control (0 mm metformin) are indicated by an asterisk.