Table 1.
Clinical, neuropsychological and anatomical characteristics at baseline (T0) and after 12-week treatment with donepezil (T1) reported both for the whole sample (bold) and split into responders and nonresponders
| Baseline (T0) |
12-Week treatment with donepezil (T1) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| whole sample | n | responders | nonresponders | n (R:NR) | whole sample | n | responders | nonresponders | n (R:NR) | |
| Clinical data | ||||||||||
| Gender (F:M) | 8:10 | 18 | 2:8 | 6:2 | 10:8 | |||||
| Age at baseline, years | 73.2 (6.8) | 18 | 75.3 (4.2) | 70.5 (8.6) | 10:8 | |||||
| Education, years | 13.0 (3.4) | 18 | 14.1 (3.7) | 11.6 (2.6) | 10:8 | |||||
| Family history of dementia, yes:no (not available) | 6:10 (2) | 18 | 4:5 (1) | 2:5 (1) | 10:8 | |||||
| APOE e4 carriers, yes:no (not available) | 8:8 (2) | 18 | 4:5 (1) | 4:3 (1) | 10:8 | |||||
| Smoking, yes:no | 4:14 | 18 | 2:8 | 2:6 | 10:8 | |||||
| Alcohol use, yes:no | 15:3 | 18 | 8:2 | 7:1 | 10:8 | |||||
| Body mass index | 25.0 (4.8) | 18 | 26.4 (4.9) | 23.3 (4.4) | 10:8 | |||||
| Hypertension, yes:no | 7:11 | 18 | 6:4 | 1:7 | 10:8 | |||||
| Atrial fibrillation, yes:no | 0:18 | 18 | 0:10 | 0:8 | 10:8 | |||||
| Diabetes, yes:no | 2:16 | 18 | 2:8 | 0:8 | 10:8 | |||||
| Neuropsychological characteristics | ||||||||||
| MMSE | 21.3 (4.7) | 17 | 21.7 (3.6) | 20.7 (6.3) | 10:7 | 21.5 (5.1) | 18 | 23.2 (3.2) | 19.4 (6.5) | 10:8 |
| MoCA | 16.4 (4.7) | 17 | 15.9 (3.9) | 17.0 (5.9) | 10:7 | 16.3 (5.0) | 18 | 17.7 (3.5) | 14.6 (6.2) | 10:8 |
| CDR global severity | 1.0 (0.7) | 18 | 1.1 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.9) | 10:8 | 0.9 (0.7) | 18 | 0.9 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.9) | 10:8 |
| CDR sum of boxes score | 6.4 (3.4) | 18 | 6.8 (3.1) | 5.9 (3.9) | 10:8 | 7.0 (2.8) | 18 | 6.9 (2.2) | 7.2 (3.5) | 10:8 |
| Digit span | 3.2 (1.2) | 17 | 3.2 (1.2) | 3.1 (1.2) | 10:7 | 3.2 (1.3) | 18 | 3.4 (0.7) | 2.9 (1.8) | 10:8 |
| Total digit span score | 5.1 (2.2) | 17 | 5.2 (2.3) | 4.9 (2.1) | 10:7 | 5.1 (2.3) | 18 | 5.2 (1.0) | 5.0 (3.3) | 10:8 |
| HVLT total recall | 11.5 (4.6) | 12 | 12.2 (4.9) | 10.8 (4.7) | 6:6 | 13.1 (4.3) | 15 | 14.8 (4.4) | 10.7 (3.0) | 9:6 |
| HVLT trial delayed recall | 1.3 (3.5) | 12 | 0.5 (1.2) | 2.0 (4.9) | 6:6 | 0.6 (1.7) | 15 | 0.7 (2.0) | 0.5 (1.2) | 9:6 |
| Category fluency | 12.2 (4.7) | 18 | 12.5 (4.9) | 11.9 (4.6) | 10:8 | 12.6 (5.3) | 18 | 13.2 (5.0) | 11.9 (5.9) | 10:8 |
| GDS | 7.9 (5.7) | 18 | 7.6 (5.6) | 8.3 (6.2) | 10:8 | 9.8 (6.1) | 18 | 9.8 (7.0) | 9.9 (5.3) | 10:8 |
| NPI total score | 13.6 (11.7) | 18 | 11.2 (9.0) | 16.5 (14.5) | 10:8 | 16.4 (11.6) | 18 | 14.8 (7.1) | 18.5 (15.9) | 10:8 |
| NPI distress score | 8.2 (8.4) | 18 | 6.3 (3.8) | 10.6 (11.9) | 10:8 | 9.2 (6.5) | 18 | 9.6 (6.1) | 8.8 (7.4) | 10:8 |
| BADLS+ | 23.1 (11.3) | 18 | 25.6 (10.8) | 19.9 (11.7) | 10:8 | 24.4 (14.0) | 18 | 24.5 (10.6) | 24.4 (18.2) | 10:8 |
| Anatomical characteristics | ||||||||||
| Normalized left hippocampal volume, mm3 | 2,934.6 (472.1) | 18 | 2,907.1 (400.3) | 2,968.9 (576.8) | 10:8 | 2,914.1 (463.3) | 18 | 2,896.6 (411.9) | 2,935.9 (549.7) | 10:8 |
| Normalized right hippocampal volume, mm3 | 3,009.9 (450.1) | 18 | 2,970.8 (404.5) | 3,058.9 (526.1) | 10:8 | 3,018.8 (430.5) | 18 | 2,959.9 (395.5) | 3,092.4 (487.7) | 10:8 |
Figures are mean (SD) unless indicated otherwise. APOE = Apolipoprotein E; BADLS+ = Bristol Activities of Daily Living Scale; CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating Scale; F = female; GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; HVLT-R = Hopkins Verbal Learning Test Revisited; M = male; NPI = Neuropsychiatric Inventory.