TABLE 1. Summary of patients with cerebellar dysfunction presenting with binocular diplopia from esotropia.

Patient	Sex	Genetic test results	Family history	Age of diplopia onset	Age of ataxia onset	Age first examined by us	Age at last review	Lateral rectus underaction	Esodeviation worse to Near(N) or Distance(D)	Vertical deviation present	Cerebellar eye signs	Non-ocular cerebellar signs	Brain maging*	Diagnosis	Treatment
1	F	NEG	Y	36	39	37	46	L, then B	N = D, then D > N	Y	Broken pursuit, GEN	Y	Normal	ADCA	Prisms & surgery
2	M	NEG	Y	63	NA	70	71	B	D > N	Y	Broken pursuit, GEN	N	Small vessel disease	ADCA	Prisms
3	M	NEG	N	73	74	74	76	B	D > N	N	Broken pursuit, GEN, DBN	Y	Generalised atrophy	ICD	Prisms
4	F	NEG	N	75	78	75	93	R, then B	D > N	Y	Broken bursuit, hypometric saccade, DBN	Y	Normal	ICD	Prisms
5	F	NEG	N	45	75	75	78	B	D > N	Y	Broken bursuit, hypometric saccade, GEN	Y	Cerebellar atrophy	ICD	Prisms & botox
6	M	ND	N	66	NA	69	75	B	D > N	N	Broken pursuit, GEN	N	Small vessel disease	ICD	Prisms
7	F	SCA expansion	Y	31	31	38	42	L, then B	D > N	Y	Broken pursuit, GEN, hypometric saccade	Y	Cerebellar atrophy	ADCA	Prisms

NA = not applicable; ND = not done; GEN = gaze-evoked nystagmus; DBN = down-beat nystagmus; NEG = negative for SCA 1, 2, 3, 6, 7; L = left; R = right; B = both; ADCA = autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia; ICD = idiopathic cerebellar degeneration.

Only Patient 4 was examined by us at onset, but developed ataxia 3 years and DBN 7 years later. All other patients first presented elsewhere and were first observed to have cerebellar eye signs when first examined by us.

*Magnetic resonance imaging was undertaken except for Patient 4 who had computed tomography due to claustrophobia.