Table 3.
Associations between socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, elements of help seeking behavior and OAT
| Socio-demographic, clinical characteristics | No./No. evaluated (%) | Median OAT (min) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 75/142 (52) | 30 | 0.732 |
| Female | 67/142 (47) | 30 | ||
| Age in years | <50 | 7/142 (5) | 5 | 0.451 |
| 51–60 | 22/142 (16) | 30 | ||
| 61–70 | 28/142 (20) | 43 | ||
| 71–80 | 56/142 (39) | 43 | ||
| 81–90 | 23/142 (16) | 30 | ||
| >91 | 6/142 (4) | 60 | ||
| Stroke in history | Yes | 46/142 (32) | 60 | 0.397 |
| No | 96/142 (68) | 30 | ||
| Living together | Yes | 91/138 (66) | 30 | 0.066 |
| No | 47/138 (34) | 60 | ||
| Diagnosis | Ischemic stroke | 126/142 (89) | 30 | 0.475 |
| Hemorrhage | 12/142 (8) | 23 | ||
| TIA | 4/142 (3) | 135 | ||
| Localization | Left hemisphere | 65/140 (46) | 50 | 0.167 |
| Right hemisphere | 58/140 (42) | 30 | ||
| Posterior circulation | 17/140 (12) | 30 | ||
| Aphasia | Yes | 24/132 (18) | 43 | 0.948 |
| No | 108/132 (82) | 30 | ||
| NIHSS | 1–4 | 90/142 (63) | 50 | 0.003* |
| 5–15 | 45/142 (32) | 30 | ||
| 16–20 | 6/142 (4) | 4 | ||
| >20 | 1/142 (1) | 15 | ||
| Stroke at daytime | Yes | 24/142 (17) | 30 | 0.002* |
| No | 118/142 (83) | 270 | ||
| Bystander present | Yes | 91/140 (65) | 30 | 0.096 |
| No | 49/140 (35) | 60 | ||
| Type of referral | Emergency medical number | 39/142 (28) | 15 | 0.004* |
| General practitioner | 83/142 (58) | 50 | ||
| Family | 12/142 (9) | 90 | ||
| Other | 4/142 (3) | 23 | ||
| Mode of transport | Ambulance | 103/140 (73) | 30 | 0.044* |
| Own transport | 33/140 (24) | 75 | ||
| Other | 4/140 (3) | 68 | ||
| Elements of help seeking behavior | ||||
| Knowledge of 3 stroke criteriaa
Recognition one-sided weakness and/or sensory loss |
Yes | 15/140 (11) | 30 | 0.460 |
| No | 125/140 (89) | 30 | ||
| 0.046* | ||||
| Yes | 94/139 (68) | 30 | ||
| No | 45/139 (32) | 60 | ||
| Recognition face asymmetry | Yes | 17/139 (12) | 30 | 0.654 |
| No | 122/139 (88) | 33 | ||
| Recognition speech disturbance | Yes | 51/139 (37) | 30 | 0.276 |
| No | 88/139 (63) | 40 | ||
| Interpretation stroke situation | Yes | 40/142 (28) | 15 | 0.003* |
| No | 102/142 (72) | 45 | ||
Associations calculated with Mann Whitney U test or Kruskal Wallis test were applicable
OAT onset-to-alarm time, NIHHS National Institute of Health Stroke Scale
*Statistically significant at p < 0.05
a3 stroke criteria: one-sided weakness and/or sensory loss, face asymmetry and speech disturbance