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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2016 Jul 26;135:27–39. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.025

Figure 2. Microcircuits and specific neuronal populations in the amygdala, ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and parabrachial nucleus (PBN) involved in fear and anxiety-related behaviors.

Figure 2

A) Microcircuits and cell populations in the ventromedial hypothalamus. B) PBN projections to the CEA. C) Amygdala microcircuits and subnuclei. Known microcircuits discussed in the present review are noted; dashed black arrows denote projections between amygdala subnuclei. Forked lines indicate glutamatergic projections whereas crossed lines indicate GABAergic projections. BLA, basolateral amygdala; c, central division of the ventromedial hypothalamus; CEAm, medial subdivision of the central amygdala; CEAl, lateral subdivision of the central amygdala; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; CGRP-R, calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor; dm, dorsal medial division of the ventromedial hypothalamus; DVC, dorsal vagal complex; ESR1, estrogen receptor; Hyp, hypothalamus; ITC, intercalated cell nuclei; ITCd, dorsal intercalated cell nuclei; ITCl, lateral intercalated cell nuclei; ITCm, medial intercalated cell nuclei; MOR, mu opioid receptor; OT, oxytocin; PAG, periaqueductal gray; PBNel, external lateral subdivision of the PBN; PKCd, protein kinase C delta; PV, parvalbumin; SF1, steroidogenic factor 1; SOM, somatostatin; Tac2, tachykinin 2; vl, ventrolateral division of the ventromedial hypothalamus; VMH, ventromedial hypothalamus.