Table 5.
Association of the variables with the Pap smear findings (n = 250)
| Demographic variable | Normal | Pre-cancerous lesion | Abnormal cervix | Unsatisfactory smear | Chi square/Fisher exact test | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Age of Women, yrs | |||||||||
| 20-25 | 11 | 19.0 | 1 | 16.7 | 14 | 7.9 | 2 | 25.0 | χ2 = 21.392 P < 0.002*** df = 12 |
| 26-30 | 15 | 25.9 | 1 | 16.7 | 28 | 15.7 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| 31-35 | 12 | 20.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 33 | 18.5 | 2 | 25.0 | |
| 36-40 | 13 | 22.4 | 1 | 16.7 | 45 | 25.3 | 3 | 37.5 | |
| 41-45 | 7 | 12.1 | 3 | 50.0 | 58 | 32.6 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| No. of births given (parity) | |||||||||
| Nil | 3 | 5.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.1 | 1 | 12.5 | χ2 = 13.988 P < 0.02** df = 6 |
| 1-2 | 41 | 70.7 | 3 | 50.0 | 97 | 54.5 | 4 | 50.0 | |
| 3 and above | 14 | 24.1 | 3 | 50.0 | 79 | 44.4 | 3 | 37.5 | |
| Years after marriage | |||||||||
| 1-10 | 21 | 36.2 | 1 | 16.7 | 46 | 25.8 | 3 | 37.5 | χ2 = 22.805 P < 0.003*** df = 9 |
| 11-20 | 28 | 48.3 | 1 | 16.7 | 59 | 33.1 | 5 | 62.5 | |
| 21-30 | 9 | 15.5 | 4 | 66.7 | 71 | 39.9 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| 31-40 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Education of women | |||||||||
| Non-formal | 19 | 32.8 | 2 | 33.3 | 79 | 44.4 | 1 | 12.5 | χ2 = 21.273 P < 0.02** df = 12 |
| Primary school | 29 | 50.0 | 1 | 16.7 | 70 | 39.3 | 5 | 62.5 | |
| Secondary | 8 | 13.8 | 3 | 50.0 | 27 | 15.2 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| College | 1 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.1 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| Professional | 1 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Tobacco usage | |||||||||
| Yes | 50 | 88.2 | 4 | 66.7 | 131 | 73.6 | 7 | 87.5 | χ2 = 4.766 P < 0.02** df = 6 |
| No | 8 | 13.8 | 2 | 33.3 | 47 | 26.4 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| Type of sanitary napkin | |||||||||
| Commercial pad | 32 | 55.2 | 2 | 33.3 | 80 | 44.9 | 3 | 37.5 | χ2 = 37.833 P < 0.05** df = 3 |
| Cloth | 26 | 44.8 | 4 | 66.7 | 98 | 55.1 | 5 | 62.5 | |
| Temporary methods of family planning | |||||||||
| Birth pills | 1 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 23 | 12.9 | 1 | 12.5 | χ2 = 21.838 P < 0.03** df = 12 |
| Copper T | 6 | 10.3 | 1 | 16.7 | 13 | 7.3 | 2 | 25.0 | |
| Calendar method | 1 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.6 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| Condom | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 2.2 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| None | 50 | 86.2 | 5 | 83.3 | 137 | 77.0 | 4 | 50.0 | |
| Vaginal douching after coitus | |||||||||
| Yes | 46 | 79.3 | 5 | 83.3 | 111 | 62.4 | 7 | 87.5 | χ2 = 10.938 P < 0.04** df = 6 |
| No | 10 | 17.2 | 1 | 16.7 | 59 | 33.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Not applicable | 2 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 8 | 4.5 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| Frequency of Coitus | |||||||||
| Daily | 4 | 6.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.0 | χ2= 41.124 P < 0.04** df = 12 |
| Weekly thrice | 2 | 3.4 | 1 | 16.7 | 14 | 7.9 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| Weekly twice | 7 | 12.1 | 1 | 16.7 | 24 | 13.5 | 1 | 12.5 | |
| Weekly once | 15 | 25.9 | 1 | 16.7 | 42 | 23.6 | 2 | 25.0 | |
| Once in a while | 28 | 48.3 | 3 | 50.0 | 89 | 50.0 | 4 | 50.0 | |
| Not applicable | 2 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | |
***:Highly significant, **: Moderately significant