Table 2.

BIPED criteria for muscular dystrophy/myopathy. Adapted description of the BIPED criteria from the initially proposed by the osteoarthritis Network [47]

	Burden of disease	Investigative	Prognostic	Efficacy	Diagnostic
Definition	Biomarker associated with the extent or severity of muscle loss	Biomarker not meeting criteria for another category	Predicts onset or progression	Indicative of treatment efficacy	Differentiates diseased groups from non-diseased
Subjects	Must manifest muscular dystrophy/myopathy	NA	With and/or without diagnosed muscular dystrophy/myopathy1	With muscular dystrophy/myopathy	With and or without muscular dystrophy/myopathy
Design	Cross-sectional, case control	NA	Longitudinal	Controlled trial	Cross-sectional or case-control
Outcomes	Extent of severity of muscular dystrophy/myopathy	NA	New or worsening muscular dystrophy/myopathy	New or ameliorated muscular dystrophy/myopathy	Muscolar dystrophy vs no muscular dystrophy/myopathy
Criteria	Significant association between marker and extent or severity of muscular dystrophy/myopathy	NA	Significant association between marker and onset or progression of muscular dystrophy/myopathy	Significant association between marker and treatment effect	Significant association between marker and muscular dystrophy/myopathy diagnosis
Examples	Creatine Kinase, strength tests, biopsy		None or very limited selection	Muscle mass, strength, endurance	DNA test, biopsy histochemistry, imaging