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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2016 Nov;25(6):518–523. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000265

Table 1.

Representative individual studies exploring either or both of key CKD measures (GFR and albuminuria) for CVD prediction

Lead author Published year Population CKD measures CVD outcomes Authors’ conclusion about prediction improvement
Hallan7 2007 General eGFRcre & ACR CVD mortality Yes
Weiner8 2007 General eGFRcre CHD No
Clase9 2011 High risk eGFR & ACR CVD composite (CVD death, MI, stroke, HF) No
Ito10 2011 General Serum creatinine & cystatin C CVD composite (CHD, stroke, HF, PAD) No
Nerpin11 2011 General eGFR & ACR CVD mortality Yes
Chen12 2013 CKD eGFR & dipstick proteinuria CVD composite (CHD, TIA, stroke, ventricular arrhythmia, HF) Yes
Bittencourt13 2015 High risk Serum creatinine (dipstick proteinuria in subsample) CVD composite (CVD death or non-fatal MI) Yes

ACR: urine albumin to creatinine ratio; CHD: coronary heart disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CV: cardiovascular; CVD: cardiovascular disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; eGFRcre: eGFR based on creatinine; HF: heart failure; MI: myocardial infarction; PAD: peripheral artery disease, TIA: transient ischemia attack.