Table 1.
Lead author | Published year | Population | CKD measures | CVD outcomes | Authors’ conclusion about prediction improvement |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hallan7 | 2007 | General | eGFRcre & ACR | CVD mortality | Yes |
Weiner8 | 2007 | General | eGFRcre | CHD | No |
Clase9 | 2011 | High risk | eGFR & ACR | CVD composite (CVD death, MI, stroke, HF) | No |
Ito10 | 2011 | General | Serum creatinine & cystatin C | CVD composite (CHD, stroke, HF, PAD) | No |
Nerpin11 | 2011 | General | eGFR & ACR | CVD mortality | Yes |
Chen12 | 2013 | CKD | eGFR & dipstick proteinuria | CVD composite (CHD, TIA, stroke, ventricular arrhythmia, HF) | Yes |
Bittencourt13 | 2015 | High risk | Serum creatinine (dipstick proteinuria in subsample) | CVD composite (CVD death or non-fatal MI) | Yes |
ACR: urine albumin to creatinine ratio; CHD: coronary heart disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CV: cardiovascular; CVD: cardiovascular disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; eGFRcre: eGFR based on creatinine; HF: heart failure; MI: myocardial infarction; PAD: peripheral artery disease, TIA: transient ischemia attack.