Table 2.

Some laboratory data and SLEDAI in SLE patients before and after Royal Jelly supplementation and the controls

	SLE patients before RJ supplementation (20)	SLE patients after RJ supplementation (20)	Controls (20)	pa	pb	pc
SLEDAI	8.3±4.1	3.3±2.9	ND	–	0.01	–
C3 (mg/dl)	0.44±0.09	1.1±0.13	ND	–	0.009	–
C4 (mg/dl)	0.17±0.030	0.82±0.17	ND	–	0.014	–
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	9.71±0.51	11.57±0.26	12.3±0.28	0.001	0.025	NS
Platelets (103/µl)	252.06±47.69	270.89±28.7	290±24.5	NS	NS	NS
WBC (103/µl)	5.32±0.54	7.01±0.83	7.29±0.41	0.004	0.018	NS
Albumin (g/dl)	2.93±0.21	4.02±0.13	4.03±0.09	<0.001	0.001	NS
Creatinine (mg/dl)	2.99±0.38	1.32±0.22	0.73±0.06	<0.001	0.002	0.004
Urea (mg/dl)	151.86±29.6	55.15±4.75	19.51±2.37	<0.001	0.003	0.001
ESR (mm/h)	77.68±10.12	20.22±2.4	9.2±0.75	<0.001	0.004	0.001
Protein in urine (mg/dl)	369.6±123.17	23.11±4.8	Negative	–	0.041	–
Anti-dsDNA	0.78±0.14	0.71±0.09	Negative	–	NS	–
CRP	3.68±0.2	1.88±0.18	Negative	–	<0.001	–
Urine RBCs	3.43±0.35	2.87±0.12	Negative	–	NS	–

Data are represented as means±SD. P≤0.05 is significant.

CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ND, not determined; NS, not significant; RBC, red blood cells; RJ, royal jelly; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; WBC, white blood cells;

^aSLE patients before RJ supplementation versus controls (Mann–Whitney U-test)

^bSLE patients before RJ supplementation versus SLE patients after RJ supplementation (Wilcoxon test)

^cSLE patients after RJ supplementation versus controls (Mann–Whitney U-test).