Table 5.
Review of redstart responses to foreign eggs
| Model | Locality | Number | Ejected (%) | Deserted (%) | Parasitism rate | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural cuckoo eggs | ||||||
| Non-manipulated | Finland NW | 46 | 0 | 13 | 31 | [24] |
| Non-manipulated | Finland E | 54 | 0 | 13 | 21 | [16] |
| Non-manipulated | Finland C | 187 | 0 | 4 | 44 | [48] |
| Non-manipulated | Czech Republic | 62 | 0 | 6 | 31 | [20] |
| Non-manipulated | Finland SE | 43 | 0 | 19 | 33 | this study |
| Cross-fostered | Finland NW | 16 | 0 | 0 | 31 | [24] |
| Cross-fostered | Finland SE | 73 | 0 | 1 | 30 | this studya |
| Conspecific eggs | Finland SE | 14 | 0 | 0 | 30 | this study |
| Mimetic models | ||||||
| Redstart-cuckoo type | Finland NW | 16 | 0 | 0 | 31 | [24] |
| Redstart-cuckoo type | Finland NC | 9 | 11 | 33 | 0 | [25] |
| Redstart-cuckoo type | Finland E | 26 | 4 | 4 | 21 | [16] |
| Redstart-cuckoo type | Finland E | 29 | 3 | 3 | 17 | [25] |
| Redstart-cuckoo type | Great Britain | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | [5] |
| Cowbird blue | Finland SE | 12 | 17 | 17 | 30 | [32] |
| Non-mimetic models | ||||||
| Brambling-cuckoo | Finland NW | 41 | 5 | 7 | 31 | [24] |
| Brambling-cuckoo | Finland NC | 14 | 14 | 36 | 0 | [25] |
| Brambling-cuckoo | Finland E | 27 | 41 | 4 | 21 | [16] |
| Brambling-cuckoo | Finland E | 37 | 32 | 5 | 17 | [25] |
| Meadow pipit-cuckoo | Norway C | 5 | 0 | 20 | 0 | [6] |
| Meadow pipit-cuckoo | Great Britain | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | [5] |
| Pied wagtail-cuckoo | Great Britain | 4 | 50 | 0 | 0 | [5] |
| Cowbird spotted | Finland SE | 13 | 46 | 8 | 30 | [32] |
| Cowbird immaculate | Finland SE | 7 | 29 | 0 | 30 | [32] |
| Non-mimetic natural eggs | ||||||
| Black complete | Finland SE | 22 | 45 | 9 | 30 | [34] |
| Black spots | Finland SE | 17 | 0 | 6 | 30 | [34] |
| Blue complete | Czech Republic | 25 | 76 | 0 | 0 | this studyb |
| Great tit | Finland SW | 7 | 57 | 0 | 0 | [50] |
| Various species | Finland SW | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | [42]c |
| Various species | Finland N | 35 | 31 | 0 | 0 | [43]d |
See original studies for detailed information on the size, colour and maculation of experimental eggs
aSample sizes differ from Table 3 because desertion was not a specific response to parasitism in this treatment (Table 3, Results); therefore we excluded the deserted nests
bSee Methods
cAuthor used natural eggs of the chaffinch, redwing, great tit and wryneck; experimental eggs introduced around hatching time
dAuthor used natural eggs of the brambling, meadow pipit and redpoll; acceptance period was set to 24 h, then the experimental egg was removed