Table 2.

Clean urinalyses percentage of harm reduction and agonist opioid treatment patients according to substitution medication used

Modality	Medication	Clean urinalyses
		Heroin	Cocaine	Cannabinoid
HRT	Buprenorphine (N = 87)	0.88 ± 0.2	0.91 ± 0.2	0.75 ± 0.3
	Methadone (N = 102)	0.79 ± 0.3	0.86 ± 0.2	0.68 ± 0.3
	Total (N = 189)	0.83 ± 0.2	0.88 ± 0.2	0.71 ± 0.3
OAT	Buprenorphine (N = 15)	0.97 ± 0.1	0.97 ± 0.1	0.83 ± 0.3
	Methadone (N = 43)	0.93 ± 0.1	0.97 ± 0.1	0.70 ± 0.4
	Total (N = 58)	0.94 ± 0.1	0.97 ± 0.1	0.73 ± 0.4
Total	Buprenorphine (N = 102)	0.89 ± 0.2	0.92 ± 0.2	0.76 ± 0.3
	Methadone (N = 145)	0.83 ± 0.2	0.89 ± 0.2	0.68 ± 0.3
	Total (N = 247)	0.86 ± 0.2	0.90 ± 0.2	0.72 ± 0.3

Between-subjects effects
Modality	Heroin urinalyses	F = 11.05; df = 1; p = 0.001
	Cocaine urinalyses	F = 11.09; df = 1; p = 0.001
	Cannabinoid urinalyses	F = 0.86; df = 1; p = 0.353
Medication	Heroin urinalyses	F = 3.98; df = 1; p = 0.047
	Cocaine urinalyses	F = 1.19; df = 1; p = 0.275
	Cannabinoid urinalyses	F = 3.73; df = 1; p = 0.055
Modality*medication	Heroin urinalyses	F = 0.68; df = 1; p = 0.409
	Cocaine urinalyses	F = 1.13; df = 1; p = 0.289
	Cannabinoid urinalyses	F = 0.37; df = 1; p = 0.542

Multivariate test: modality effect: F = 5.24; df = 3; p = 0.002. Medication effect: F = 1.97; df = 3; p = 0.118. Modality*medication effect: F = 0.77; df = 3; p = 0.512