Fig. 5.

Effects of bafilomycin and chloroquine on Krebs cycle metabolites. (A-L) Targeted metabolomics of primary cortical neurons exposed to 10 nM bafilomycin or 40 µM chloroquine for 24 h. Levels of metabolites were shown in μg/mL. *p<0.05 compared to control, #p<0.05 compared between bafilomycin and chloroquine, n=5 samples. (M) Measurement of citrate synthase activity after 24 h exposure to bafilomycin or chloroquine. Activities were normalized to total protein. (N) Citrate synthase activities were normalized to relative citrate synthase protein levels shown in Fig. 4A, I, and expressed as a percentage of untreated controls. *p<0.05 compared to control, n=3–5 independent samples and treatment from 1 experiment, Data=mean±SEM.