Table 1.
Additional or Refined Patient Variables Associated With Higher Likelihood of Operative Mortalitya
| Factor | Coefficient ± SE | p Value | Reliability (%)b |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isolated AVR | |||
| Unadjusted model | |||
| STS risk scorec | 1.01 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 | … |
| Intercept | −0.56 ± 0.50 | 0.3 | … |
| Adjusted model | |||
| STS risk scorec | 0.92 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 | … |
| Shorter heightd | 1.9 ± 0.66 | 0.005 | 46 |
| Higher creatininee | 0.022 ± 0.010 | 0.04 | 61 |
| Intercept | −3.2 ± 1.01 | 0.002 | … |
| AVR+CABG | |||
| Unadjusted model | |||
| STS risk scorec | 1.2 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 | … |
| Intercept | −0.21 ± 0.42 | 0.6 | … |
| Adjusted model | |||
| STS risk scorec | 0.79 ± 0.19 | <0.0001 | … |
| Lower BSAf | 4.04 ± 1.8 | 0.03 | 54 |
| Higher NYHA Functional Classg | 1.1 ± 0.50 | 0.009 | 63 |
| Higher bilirubinh | 0.15 ± 0.046 | 0.002 | 91 |
| Lower albumini | −0.105 ± 0.039 | 0.006 | 49 |
| Intercept | −2.2 ± 1.1 | 0.04 | … |
In addition to usual patient characteristics used in the STS model, we have included detailed laboratory variables (noncardiac comorbidity), detailed valve pathology (aortic, mitral, and tricuspid valves), aortic valve etiology, size, and pressure, and detailed left ventricular variables (see Appendix E1).
Percent of times factor appeared in 500 bootstrap models.
Logit of STS risk score.
(180/height)2, inverse squared transformation.
(Creatinine)2, squared transformation.
(1/BSA)2, inverse squared transformation.
Log(NYHA), logarithmic transformation.
Exp(bilirubin), exponential transformation.
(Albumin)2, squared transformation.
AVR = aortic valve replacement; BSA = body surface area; CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; NYHA = New York Heart Association; SE = standard error; STS = The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.