Table 3. Crude and adjusted ORs and confounders.
| Study or subgroup | Crude OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Confounders included in analysis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | Botet | 0.799 (0.445–1.434) | 0.452 | 0.705 (0.443–1.122) | 0.140 | GA |
| Garcia-Muñoz | 1.417 (1.264–1.588) | 0.000 | 0.830 (0.710–0.970) | 0.019 | GA, BW | |
| Soraisham | 1.544 (1.243–1.918) | 0.000 | 0.750 (0.561–1.002) | 0.052 | GA, BW, delivery mode, ACS, maternal hypertension, 5 min Apgar | |
| Clinical | 1.383 (1.134–1.686) | 0.001 | 0.802 (0.703–0.915) | 0.001 | ||
| Histological | Been | 1.278 (0.784–2.082) | 0.325 | 1.172 (0.537–2.560) | 0.691 | GA, SGA, sex, multiple birth, delivery mode, preeclampsia, PROM, ACS |
| Elimian | 1.861(1.373–2.522) | 0.000 | 1.060(0.740–1.519) | 0.751 | GA, BW, BW percentile, 5 min Apgar | |
| Lau | 2.318 (1.646–3.262) | 0.000 | 2.218(1.552–3.170) | 0.000 | GA, BW, delivery mode, multiple births, ACS, maternal hypertension, SGA, 5 min Apgar <7, SNAP-II score, NTISS score | |
| Miyazaki | 1.209 (1.050–1.391) | 0.008 | 0.830(0.698–0.987) | 0.035 | GA, BW, SGA, sex, maternal age, parity, diabetes, preeclampsia, PROM, NRFS, ACS, delivery mode | |
| Mu | 2.075 (0.673–6.396) | 0.204 | 1.653 (0.510–5.358) | 0.402 | GA | |
| Rocha | 2.520(1.241–5.115) | 0.011 | 0.900 (0.400–2.025) | 0.799 | GA, BW | |
| Smit | 2.245 (1.254–4.021) | 0.007 | 0.979 (0.428–2.237) | 0.960 | GA, SGA, sex, multiple birth, delivery mode, preeclampsia, PROM, ACS | |
| Hitti | 5.000 (2.071–12.070) | 0.000 | 1.500 (0.900–2.500) | 0.120 | BW | |
| Histological | 1.925 (1.416–2.616) | 0.000 | 1.214(0.871–1.692) | 0.252 | ||
| Overall | 1.524 (1.29–1.80) | 0.000 | 0.849 (0.751–0.959) | 0.009 |
GA: Gestational age, BW: Birth weight, ACS: Antenatal corticosteroids, SGA: Small for GA, PROM: Premature rupture of membranes SNAP-II: Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology, PROM: Premature rupture of membranes, NTISS: Neonatal therapeutic intervention scoring system, NRFS: Non-reassuring fetal status.