Table 3.
Lifetime QALY benefits of screening annually, biennially or triennially per 1000 women screened by relative risk, breast density, and age group with and without screening and work-up adjustments.
| Density | RR | QALYs gained with screening and work-up adjustments vs. no screening, median (range across models) * | QALYs gained without screening and work-up adjustments vs. no screening, median (range across models)* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Triennial | Biennial | Annual | Triennial | Biennial | Annual | ||
| Ages 50–74† | |||||||
| Almost entirely fatty | 1 | 32 (21–44) | 41 (29–49) | 51 (36–51) | 37 (26–50) | 48 (35–58) | 63 (47–66) |
| 1.3 | 43 (29–59) | 54 (39–66) | 69 (50–71) | 47 (34–65) | 61 (45–75) | 80 (61–86) | |
| 2 | 65 (46–93) | 82 (63–105) | 106 (81–116) | 70 (52–99) | 89 (69–114) | 118 (93–131) | |
| 4 | 118 (98–183) | 150 (128–209) | 194 (168–234) | 123 (103–190) | 157 (135–217) | 206 (180–249) | |
| Scattered fibroglandular | 1 | 36 (35–76) | 47 (47–86) | 60 (60–92) | 43 (43–85) | 57 (56–99) | 78 (78–115) |
| 1.3 | 48 (47–101) | 63 (62–114) | 82 (81–126) | 55 (55–110) | 73 (72–127) | 99 (98–148) | |
| 2 | 75 (71–155) | 100 (92–178) | 132 (123–200) | 83 (78–164) | 110 (102–190) | 149 (140–222) | |
| 4 | 153 (122–292) | 199 (158–336) | 264 (212–386) | 160 (129–301) | 209 (168–349) | 280 (228–407) | |
| Hetero-geneously dense | 1 | 44 (40–110) | 57 (55–126) | 75 (73–143) | 52 (49–120) | 69 (66–141) | 95 (94–169) |
| 1.3 | 57 (54–143) | 74 (74–165) | 100 (98–190) | 65 (63–153) | 85 (85–180) | 120 (119–216) | |
| 2 | 86 (83–215) | 114 (108–249) | 159 (145–292) | 94 (91–225) | 125 (119–263) | 178 (165–317) | |
| 4 | 164 (133–384) | 220 (173–448) | 305 (233–533) | 172 (141–394) | 230 (184–461) | 322 (251–556) | |
| Extremely dense | 1 | 47 (40–131) | 62 (54–154) | 84 (77–185) | 54 (47–140) | 71 (64–166) | 100 (94–206) |
| 1.3 | 60 (54–169) | 79 (73–199) | 108 (104–240) | 67 (61–177) | 88 (82–211) | 124 (120–261) | |
| 2 | 85 (83–248) | 112 (112–293) | 161 (153–358) | 92 (90–257) | 121 (121–305) | 176 (169–379) | |
| 4 | 154 (129–425) | 210 (169–503) | 302 (231–622) | 161 (136–433) | 218 (178–514) | 317 (246–641) | |
| Ages 65–74‡ | |||||||
| Almost entirely fatty | 1 | 9 (6–15) | 11 (8–18) | 15 (11–20) | 11 (8–16) | 13 (10–21) | 19 (15–24) |
| 1.3 | 12 (8–19) | 15 (11–24) | 20 (16–27) | 14 (10–21) | 17 (14–27) | 24 (20–31) | |
| 2 | 18 (13–30) | 22 (19–38) | 29 (26–42) | 20 (15–31) | 24 (21–40) | 34 (30–47) | |
| 4 | 30 (25–55) | 37 (36–71) | 50 (49–81) | 32 (27–57) | 39 (38–73) | 54 (53–85) | |
| Scattered fibroglandular | 1 | 10 (10–21) | 13 (12–27) | 18 (17–29) | 13 (13–23) | 17 (16–30) | 24 (23–36) |
| 1.3 | 13 (13–28) | 18 (16–35) | 25 (22–39) | 16 (15–30) | 22 (19–39) | 31 (28–46) | |
| 2 | 19 (19–42) | 28 (23–53) | 38 (32–60) | 21 (21–44) | 31 (26–57) | 44 (38–67) | |
| 4 | 35 (28–75) | 52 (33–96) | 71 (47–111) | 37 (30–77) | 55 (37–99) | 77 (53–117) | |
| Hetero-geneously dense | 1 | 12 (10–35) | 15 (14–45) | 20 (20–52) | 15 (13–38) | 19 (18–49) | 27 (27–60) |
| 1.3 | 15 (13–45) | 20 (18–58) | 27 (26–68) | 18 (16–47) | 24 (22–62) | 35 (33–76) | |
| 2 | 21 (20–65) | 30 (25–85) | 43 (36–100) | 24 (23–67) | 34 (29–89) | 50 (43–108) | |
| 4 | 35 (27–105) | 54 (33–138) | 76 (46–167) | 38 (30–107) | 57 (36–142) | 82 (52–174) | |
| Extremely dense | 1 | 12 (10–44) | 15 (15–58) | 21 (21–72) | 15 (12–46) | 18 (18–62) | 27 (27–78) |
| 1.3 | 15 (13–55) | 20 (18–74) | 28 (27–91) | 18 (15–57) | 23 (21–77) | 34 (32–98) | |
| 2 | 20 (20–78) | 29 (24–104) | 43 (35–130) | 22 (22–80) | 32 (27–107) | 48 (41–136) | |
| 4 | 33 (24–118) | 51 (29–159) | 76 (43–201) | 35 (26–120) | 53 (32–162) | 80 (47–206) | |
Abbreviations: QALY, quality-adjusted life year; RR, relative risk.
*
QALYs gained are undiscounted.
†
Screening is initiated at age 50.
‡
Women who are currently 65 and have been screened biennially from 50–64.