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. 2016 Sep 8;33(10):830–842. doi: 10.1002/mar.20920
Category Definition Example Number of Times Mentioned
Perceived Product Disadvantages
Surveillance Users fear that a third person can access data and use it to his/her benefit “Third persons can control what you do”; “Who has access to my health data? I do not want the cashier in the supermarket to tell me to put back the bacon” 24
Disempowerment Users feel dependent on technology and fear losing autonomy and control of their activities “Contributes to patient immaturity”; “You lose the ability to evaluate yourself what is good for you”; “Decreases your autonomy thorough shopping lists and permanent updates for your doctor”; “You only see groceries from the participating supermarkets; the product indirectly directs your consumption behavior” 73
Usability Users think that the product is difficult to handle and use “It is difficult to pick it up and take it with you”; “The many elements of the product—external chest strap, blood pressure wristband—will make it difficult to handle it correctly” 34
Negative emotions Users fear that negative emotions will arise every time you use the product “Using the product intensifies the feeling of being ill”; “bad conscience”; “you no longer dare eat sweets because you want to avoid ‘living in sin’” 33
Danger for unstable persons Users feel that the product might endanger mentally impaired persons “The product is not useful for hypochondriacs or people with anxiety disorders” 2
No substitute Users do not perceive the product as a useful substitute for consulting a doctor “You still need to visit a doctor” 15
Time Users expect the product to lead to users and/or doctors expending much time “Medico needs time slots during his working hours for data analysis”; “very time‐consuming” 8
Cost Users fear the financial burden of buying and using the product “In the beginning, this product will certainly be very expensive and only top athletes will be able to afford it” 8
Sum of enumerated product disadvantages 197
Perceived product advantages
Transparency Users’ habits and health condition will be transparent “Makes nutrition intake transparent, including food calories, fat in food, etc.”; “You have a better overview and knowledge of the personal data that is relevant when exercising.” 104
Reaction Users expect to be able to react fast to the medical data “Allows you to react fast in case of illness” 17
Health awareness Users expect the product to increase their motivation to remain healthy and their health awareness “I am certain that it improves health awareness”; “It encourages healthy eating”; “It helps you understand the consequences of your eating habits” 40
Risk awareness Users expect the product to increase their risk awareness “Helps detect health risks” 14
Health status Users expect the product to improve their health status “The product improves your attitude to life, because it helps you feel good and increases your performance” 14
Usability Users believe the product is easy to use “Handling seems to be pretty straightforward” 18
Achievement of personal targets Users believe that the product helps achieve personal dietary targets “It will help reduce weight”; “Makes you more disciplined regarding losing weight and helps to do so in a healthy way” 25
Multifunctionality Users like the product's multifunctionality “It combines different approaches for living healthily”; “All in one—many different features in one product” 6
Information Users appreciate receiving useful information regarding how to change behavior (e.g., recipes for a healthy diet) “The product delivers shopping tips and recipes”; “The shopping button ‘on sale’ is very useful” 15
Comfort Users enjoy the comfort of monitoring their health status at home and fewer doctor consultations “You can check your health comfortably from home, no need to make an appointment with the doctor” 20
Help in daily life Users see the benefit of assistance in their daily life “Precise information on health nutrition and exercise”; “Good support in everyday life” 6
Independence Users feel that the product increases their ability to live an individual and independent life “Makes you self‐reliant, independent of a doctor—your health is in your hands” 1
Sum of enumerated product advantages 280