Table 4.
Symptoms associated with the high-risk, intermediate-risk, and low risk clusters
| High-risk | Intermediate-risk | Low-risk | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | (se) | % | (se) | % | (se) | % | (se) | χ 2 2 | Cramer's V | |
| I. Criterion A symptoms of major depression | ||||||||||
| Dysphoria | 99.6 | (0.2) | 98.9 | (0.2) | 96.1 | (0.4) | 98.2 | (0.2) | 57.0* | 0.11 |
| Severe dysphoria | 97.8 | (0.4) | 91.0 | (0.7) | 56.0 | (1.1) | 81.3 | (0.5) | 713.6* | 0.47 |
| Anhedonia | 95.0 | (0.5) | 88.7 | (0.7) | 79.0 | (0.9) | 87.3 | (0.5) | 205.1* | 0.20 |
| Weight loss | 74.9 | (1.0) | 74.8 | (1.0) | 76.4 | (1.0) | 75.4 | (0.6) | 1.8 | 0.02 |
| Weight gain | 18.0 | (0.8) | 14.8 | (0.8) | 12.0 | (0.7) | 14.8 | (0.5) | 28.5* | 0.07 |
| Insomnia | 85.3 | (0.9) | 83.1 | (0.8) | 78.5 | (0.9) | 82.2 | (0.5) | 28.4* | 0.07 |
| Hypersomnia | 10.5 | (0.8) | 9.0 | (0.6) | 9.7 | (0.6) | 9.7 | (0.4) | 2.4 | 0.02 |
| Psychomotor agitation | 16.9 | (0.8) | 17.7 | (0.9) | 14.8 | (0.8) | 16.5 | (0.5) | 6.4* | 0.03 |
| Psychomotor retardation | 67.7 | (1.0) | 55.0 | (1.0) | 41.0 | (1.1) | 54.2 | (0.6) | 247.9* | 0.22 |
| Fatigue/loss of energy | 89.4 | (0.8) | 86.6 | (0.8) | 81.2 | (0.8) | 85.7 | (0.5) | 54.4* | 0.10 |
| Worthlessness or excessive guilt | 98.2 | (0.3) | 88.4 | (0.7) | 68.3 | (1.0) | 84.6 | (0.4) | 724.0* | 0.34 |
| Diminished ability to concentrate/indecisiveness | 96.2 | (0.4) | 91.7 | (0.6) | 84.5 | (0.7) | 90.7 | (0.4) | 167.9* | 0.16 |
| Suicidality | 98.8 | (0.2) | 76.9 | (1.0) | 38.2 | (1.1) | 70.6 | (0.6) | 1449.6* | 0.54 |
| II. Symptoms of dysthymia | ||||||||||
| Inability to cope | 86.0 | (0.8) | 59.5 | (1.0) | 24.0 | (1.0) | 55.7 | (0.7) | 1296.2* | 0.50 |
| Social withdrawal/tearfulness | 99.2 | (0.2) | 94.4 | (0.5) | 88.0 | (0.8) | 93.7 | (0.3) | 261.3* | 0.19 |
| III. Symptoms of anxiety | ||||||||||
| Irritability | 77.7 | (1.0) | 62.9 | (1.0) | 41.1 | (1.1) | 60.1 | (0.6) | 541.3* | 0.30 |
| Nervousness-worry-anxiety | 88.4 | (0.9) | 76.2 | (1.0) | 56.6 | (1.1) | 73.3 | (0.6) | 369.6* | 0.29 |
| Panic | 66.4 | (1.1) | 38.1 | (1.1) | 13.5 | (0.7) | 38.5 | (0.6) | 842.1* | 0.44 |
| IV. Symptoms of mixed episode | ||||||||||
| Little need for sleep | 47.1 | (1.2) | 47.0 | (1.2) | 41.7 | (1.1) | 45.2 | (0.7) | 14.2* | 0.05 |
| Racing thoughts | 10.6 | (0.8) | 12.4 | (0.7) | 15.7 | (0.9) | 12.9 | (0.4) | 16.6* | 0.06 |
| High energy | 3.2 | (0.4) | 3.0 | (0.4) | 3.3 | (0.4) | 3.1 | (0.2) | 0.3 | 0.01 |
| V. Multivariate symptom profiles | ||||||||||
| AOO < 19 and suicidality | 48.6 | (1.2) | 17.7 | (0.9) | 4.9 | (0.5) | 22.9 | (0.6) | 853.0* | 0.43 |
| AOO < 19 and anxiety | 48.9 | (1.2) | 24.4 | (1.1) | 9.9 | (0.7) | 27.1 | (0.6) | 658.4* | 0.35 |
| AOO < 19 and suicidality and anxiety | 47.8 | (1.2) | 14.9 | (0.9) | 2.1 | (0.3) | 20.7 | (0.5) | 919.8* | 0.46 |
| AOO ≥ 35 and suicidality and anxiety | 16.4 | (0.8) | 21.9 | (0.9) | 9.1 | (0.6) | 15.9 | (0.4) | 179.2* | 0.15 |
| VI. Other predictors | ||||||||||
| Endogenous | 17.0 | (0.9) | 16.2 | (0.9) | 14.7 | (0.8) | 15.9 | (0.6) | 4.3 | 0.03 |
| Parental history of depression | 9.9 | (0.7) | 5.8 | (0.6) | 3.2 | (0.4) | 6.2 | (0.4) | 63.8* | 0.11 |
| N | (2,520) | (2,899) | (2,842) | (8,261) | ||||||
*
Significant at the .05 level, two-sided test