Table 2.
Maternal demographic characteristics, pregnancy risks, and infant and maternal outcomes, by disability risk status, Massachusetts births, 2007–2009
| Not at Risk for Disability (ARCS Levels A and B) N=207,155 N (%) |
At Risk for Disability (ARCS Levels C and D) N=14,701 N (%) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Age* | ||
| < 19 | 7,702 (3.7) | 623 (4.2) |
| 19–34 | 153,155 (73.9) | 10,851 (73.8) |
| 35+ | 46,298 (22.4) | 3,227 (22.0) |
| Education* | ||
| Less than HS | 22,403 (10.8) | 2,255 (15.4) |
| HS | 51,817 (25.1) | 4,879 (33.3) |
| Some college | 41,375 (20.0) | 3,393 (23.2) |
| College or higher | 91,127 (44.1) | 4,115 (28.1) |
| Race* | ||
| White, NH | 140,945 (68.0) | 10,331 (70.3) |
| Black, NH | 18,391 (8.9) | 1,677 (11.4) |
| Hispanic | 30,200 (14.6) | 2,188 (14.9) |
| Other | 17,630 (8.5) | 505 (3.4) |
| Other Socioeconomic | ||
| Father not named on BC* | 18,099 (8.7) | 2,594 (17.7) |
| Public insurance* | 71,798 (34.9) | 7,423 (51.1) |
| Pregnancy Risks | ||
| Smoking* | 13,631 (6.6) | 2,606 (17.8) |
| No care in first trimester* | 42,355 (20.8) | 3,386 (23.5) |
| Prenatal care index* | ||
| Inadequate | 19,151 (9.4) | 1,697 (11.8) |
| Intermediate | 14,800 (7.3) | 1,008 (7.0) |
| Adequate | 92,444 (45.4) | 5,229 (36.4) |
| Adequate plus | 77,299 (38.0) | 6,436 (44.8) |
| Hypertension* | 10,471 (5.1) | 2,238 (15.5) |
| Diabetes* | 10,262 (5.0) | 1,269 (8.8) |
| Other* | 88,495 (42.7) | 9,520 (64.8) |
| Infant outcomes | ||
| Preterm birth * | 16,247 (7.8) | 2,303 (15.7) |
| Small for Gestational Age* | 20,608 (10.0) | 2,079 (14.3) |
| Apgar < 7 at 5 minutes* | 2,241 (1.1) | 351 (2.4) |
| Maternal Outcomes | ||
| Cesarean Section | 65,069 (31.5) | 5,865 (40.0) |
| Delivery length of stay > 5 days | 6,353 (3.1) | 1,387 (9.4) |
*
p<0.05 NH: Non-Hispanic; BC: Birth certificate