Table 1. Characteristics and descriptive statistics of all participants (No. = 1200).
| Infertile | Fertile | p value (F)* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of individuals | 827 | 373 | |
| Age (years) | 0.32 (0.95) | ||
| Mean (SD) | 36.5 (5.3) | 36.2 (5.4) | |
| Range | 18–60 | 22–55 | |
| Categorized age [No. (%)] | 0.30 (χ2, 3.62) | ||
| 18–25 | 14 (1.7) | 6 (1.6) | |
| 26–35 | 384 (46.4) | 170 (45.6) | |
| 36–49 | 400 (48.4) | 191 (51.2) | |
| ≥50 | 29 (3.5) | 6 (1.6) | |
| Birth Weight (gr) | 0.038 (4.32) | ||
| Mean (SD) | 3447.5 (649.4) | 3529.7 (597.1) | |
| Range | 1100–5500 | 650–5300 | |
| Birth Weight [No. (%)] | 0.002 (χ2, 12.31) | ||
| LBW | 71 (8.6) | 12 (3.2) | |
| NBW | 651 (78.7) | 318 (85.3) | |
| HBW | 105 (12.7) | 43 (11.5) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.02 (5.39) | ||
| Mean (SD) | 25.8 (3.7) | 25.2 (3.6) | |
| Range | 18.1–44.98 | 16.6–50.6 | |
| Categorized BMI [No. (%)] | 0.048 (χ2, 6.08) | ||
| 18.5–24.9 | 390 (47.2) | 187 (50.1) | |
| 25–29.9 | 341 (41.2) | 160 (42.9) | |
| ≥30 | 96 (11.6) | 28 (7.0) | |
| CCI [No. (%)] | 0.039 (χ2, 4.38) | ||
| CCI 0 | 751 (90.8) | 352 (94.4) | |
| CCI≥ 1 | 76 (9.2) | 21 (5.6) | |
| Alcohol [No. (%)] | 0.91 (χ2, 0.05) | ||
| Abstainers | 182 (22.0) | 80 (21.4) | |
| Moderate drinkers | 487 (58.9) | 221 (59.2) | |
| Heavy drinkers | 158 (19.1) | 72 (19.3) | |
| Cigarette smoking [No. (%)] | 0.62 (χ2, 0.46) | ||
| Current/ex smokers | 263 (31.8) | 110 (29.5) | |
| Never smokers | 564 (68.2) | 263 (70.5) | |
| Testis volume (Prader estimation) | |||
| Right testis | |||
| Mean (SD) | 16.7 (5.9) | ||
| Range | 2–25 | ||
| Left testis | |||
| Mean (SD) | 15.99 (6.0) | ||
| Range | 2–25 | ||
| Varicocele [No. (%)] | 437 (52.8) | ||
| Hypercholesterolemia [No. (%)] | 145 (17.5) | ||
| Hypertrigliceridemia [No. (%)] | 35 (4.2) | ||
| Impaired HDL-C [No. (%)] | 111 (13.4) | ||
| FSH (mUI/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 9.2 (12.1) | ||
| Range | 0.1–198.4 | ||
| LH (mUI/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 5.5 (7.6) | ||
| Range | 0.1–433.9 | ||
| InhB (pg/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 113.3 (82.3) | ||
| Range | 0.1–439.4 | ||
| AMH (ng/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 6.3 (7.0) | ||
| Range | 0.1–96.3 | ||
| tT (ng/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 4.8 (1.8) | ||
| Range | 0.0–16.8 | ||
| tT <3 ng/mL [No. (%)] | 99 (11.9) | ||
| E2 (pg/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 32.9 (14.2) | ||
| Range | 5.0–129.0 | ||
| SHBG (nmol/L) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 33.2 (13.3) | ||
| Range | 6.0–95.0 | ||
| PRL (ng/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 9.6 (7.3) | ||
| Range | 1.0–135.5 | ||
| TSH (μUI/mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 2.1 (3.6) | ||
| Range | 0.0–77.9 | ||
| Semen volume (mL) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 3.0 (1.7) | ||
| Range | 0.2–9.5 | ||
| Semen volume <1.5 mL [No. (%)] | 165 (20.1) | ||
| Sperm concentration | |||
| Mean (SD) | 33.4 (40.5) | ||
| Range | 0.5–266.7 | ||
| Sperm concentration ≤15x106/mL [No. (%)] | 339 (41.0) | ||
| Progressive motility | |||
| Mean (SD) | 26.1 (20.1) | ||
| Range | 0.0–94.0 | ||
| Progressive motility ≤32% [No. (%)] | 434 (52.4) | ||
| Normal morphology | |||
| Mean (SD) | 5.7 (11.3) | ||
| Range | 0.0–92.0 | ||
| Normal morphology ≤4% [No. (%)] | 495 (59.9) |
BMI = body mass index; CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index; LBW = low birth weight; NBW = normal birth weight; HBW = high birth weight
*P value according to chi-square test or analysis of variance (ANOVA), as indicated