TABLE I.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants
| N (%) or Median (interquartile range) | |
|---|---|
| Demographic and lifestyle characteristics | |
| Males (N, %) | 17 (71%) |
| Non-Hispanic white (N, %) | 22 (92%) |
| ≥6 times/2 weeks hard exercise (N, %)a | 15 (65%) |
| ≥4 hours/day TV/computer/video (N, %)b | 11 (46%) |
| Age (years) | 16.4 (13.7–17.2) |
| Fruit/vegetable servings/day | 2.0 (0.8–4.0) |
| MET hours/week (past year)c | 42.3 (20.2–78.6) |
| Cancer characteristics | |
| Cancer diagnosis (N, %) | |
| Hematopoietic malignancy | 12 (50%) |
| ALL | 9 |
| AML | 1 |
| Hodgkin disease | 1 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 1 |
| Solid tumor | 12 (50%) |
| CNS tumors | 3 |
| Bone tumors | 2 |
| Retinoblastoma | 2 |
| Germ cell tumor | 2 |
| Neuroblastoma | 1 |
| Hepatoblastoma | 1 |
| Soft tissue sarcoma | 1 |
| Cancer treatment (N, %) | |
| Chemotherapy and radiation | 5 (21%) |
| Chemotherapy | 14 (58%) |
| Radiation | 2 (8%) |
| Surgery only | 3 (13%) |
| Radiation (N, %) | |
| None | 17 (71) |
| Any | 7 (29) |
| Brain | 3 (13) |
| Other head | 2 (8) |
| Spine | 2 (8) |
| Chest/Mediastinum | 1 (4) |
| Total body irradiation | 1 (4) |
| Chemotherapy (N, %) | |
| None | 5 (21) |
| Any | 19 (79) |
| Protocol included: | |
| Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin)d | 15 (63) |
| Antimetabolites (cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate) | 11 (46) |
| Platinum agents (cisplatinum, carboplatinum)d | 5 (21) |
| Alkylating agents (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide) | 16 (67) |
| Anti-tumor antibiotics (bleomycin) | 2 (8) |
| Topoisomerase inhibitors (etoposide) | 5 (21) |
| Age at cancer diagnosis (years) | 3.6 (1.5–6.1) |
| Years since cancer treatment | 8.5 (6.4–13.0) |
| Clinical characteristics | |
| Weight (kg) | 60.7 (50.4–72.1) |
| Height (cm) | 166.4 (158.8–171.5) |
| BMI percentilese | 70.5 (47.1–82.3) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 (103–118) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 59 (57–63) |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 78.0 (75.0–83.0) |
| Fasting insulin (mU/L) | 5.0 (3.0–8.0) |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 93.0 (78.0–111.0) |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 50.0 (42.0–56.0) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 72.0 (56.0–86.0) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 159.0 (142.0–177.0) |
BMI, body mass index; MET, metabolic equivalent; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Number of days during the past 14 days of hard exercise for at least 20 minutes (question available only from the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents, N = 23).
Average number of hours a day spent watching television or videos, or playing computer games, after school or work.
Metabolic equivalent (MET) hours/week during the past year were calculated using the activity codes and MET intensities from the Compendium of Physical Activities.
Cumulative dose mean ± SD (range): anthracyclines: 189 ± 99 mg/m2 (75–375) and platinum agents: 575 ± 307 mg/m2 (250–1075).
Age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles for study participants <20 were determined according to the 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States (N = 23). The BMI for the one adult was within normal range (<25.0 kg/m2). Overweight/obese: BMI ± 85th age- and sex-specific percentile for children; ≥25 kg/m2 for adults.