TABLE 1.
Rate ratios by Prevention Quality Indicator (PQI) for New York City residents living in very high poverty neighborhoods versus low poverty neighborhoods, 2008–2013
| Rate ratio | P value | APC | P value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | (trend) | (2008 vs 2013) | ||
| Diabetes | |||||||||
| Short-term complications (PQI 01) | 4.68 | 5.29 | 4.87 | 4.57 | 4.20 | 3.67 | 0.179 | −3.14 | 0.057 |
| Long-term complications (PQI 03) | 3.70 | 3.56 | 3.44 | 3.38 | 3.32 | 3.30 | 0.004 | −2.35 | 0.147 |
| Uncontrolled diabetes (PQI 14) | 6.98 | 6.52 | 5.73 | 4.95 | 4.71 | 3.89 | 0.000 | −10.34 | <.0001 |
| Lower-extremity amputation PQI 16) | 3.42 | 3.72 | 4.39 | 3.78 | 3.09 | 5.22 | 0.372 | 4.38 | 0.000 |
| Respiratory | |||||||||
| COPD (PQI 05) | 3.77 | 3.78 | 3.47 | 3.23 | 3.24 | 3.30 | 0.017 | −3.28 | 0.305 |
| Asthma (PQI 15) | 6.66 | 7.22 | 5.25 | 5.79 | 5.51 | 5.35 | 0.083 | −4.84 | 0.224 |
| Circulatory | |||||||||
| Hypertension (PQI 07) | 3.77 | 3.73 | 3.30 | 2.73 | 2.84 | 3.03 | 0.013 | −7.1 | 0.099 |
| Heart failure (PQI 08) | 2.75 | 2.80 | 2.71 | 2.58 | 2.55 | 2.61 | 0.041 | −1.64 | 0.431 |
| Angina without procedure (PQI 13) | 3.90 | 3.69 | 2.73 | 3.12 | 2.95 | 2.89 | 0.193 | −9.73 | 0.000 |
| Acute | |||||||||
| Dehydration (PQI 10) | 1.71 | 1.71 | 1.88 | 1.87 | 1.93 | 1.78 | 0.228 | 2.16 | 0.410 |
| Bacterial pneumonia (PQI 11) | 1.85 | 1.93 | 1.79 | 1.86 | 1.78 | 2.02 | 0.710 | 0.54 | 0.408 |
| Urinary tract infection (PQI 12) | 2.24 | 2.14 | 1.95 | 1.76 | 1.80 | 1.82 | 0.010 | −4.91 | 0.199 |