Table 2.

Summary of studies concerning temporomandibular treatment.

Publication	Participants	Intervention and control	Frequency and duration of intervention	Tinnitus severity outcome	Follow-up	Results
Tullberg and Ernberg, 2006	Patients (P): N = 73 Controls (C): N = 50 Females: 39 (P) / 27 (C) Males: 34 (P) / 23 (C) Age: 48 (SD:12) (P) 47 (SD:14) (C)	Splints, occlusal adjustments, jaw exercises and laser therapy vs. Waiting list	1 to 6 sessions	Global perceived effect (GPE) Custom made questionnaire	Post-treatment (GPE) and 2–3 years follow-up (questionnaire)	GPE: 73% reported improvement, 27% reported no change
						Questionnaire: Significanty decreased tinnitus severity Significantly more improvement in the patients than in the control group
	Design: Controlled design
	Diagnosis:Patients suffering from combination of tinnitus and TMD Controls suffering from tinnitus
Erlandsson et al., 1991	N = 32 Females: 14 Males: 18 Age: 50 (24–65)	Somatognatic treatment (SGT) comprising: occlusal splints, occlusal adjustments and exercise therapy	Not specified	VAS-intensity (0–100) NRS-severity (1–9)	Post-treatment, 6 months follow-up	VAS-intensity: Significant decrease after SGT or BFT (n = 31)
		vs.
						No significant changes after SGT or BFT alone (n = 13 or 18)
	Design: RCT with cross-over design
	Diagnosis: severe tinnitus and self-reported TMD or headaches	Biofeedback therapy (BFT) comprising biofeedback training, progressive relaxation and counseling