(A) Relative fresh weight of 12-day-old Col-0 and twd1 seedlings treated with mock or different concentrations of flg22 for 7 days (n = 20, mean±SD). * indicates T-test’s p-value < 0.05
(B) Activation of MAPKs in wild-type and twd1 in response to flg22 treatment. Twelve-day-old Col-0 and twd1 seedlings were treated with 100 nM flg22 for indicated time. Arrowheads indicated phosphorylated MPK3 and MPK6. Blot stained with Ponceau S is presented to show equal loading. The band intensities were quantified using ImageJ. Normalized intensity (a.u., arbitrary unit) was calculated from the intensity of MPK3 and MPK6 divided by that of Ponceau S staining (n.d., not determined).
(C) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of flg22-responsive genes, FRK1 and AT2G17740. Twelve-day-old seedlings were treated with 100 nM flg22 for 0, 1 or 3 hr (n = 3 biological replicates, mean±SEM). Gene expression was normalized to PP2A.