Table 2.
Relationship between DLK1 expression and clinicopathologic features of GIST patients in test and validation cohort
| Variable | Test cohort (n = 266) | Validation cohort (n = 146) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| DLK1 | P value | DLK1 | P value | |||
|
|
|
|||||
| Negative (%) | Positive (%) | Negative (%) | Positive (%) | |||
| Age (year) | ||||||
| ≤ 60 | 88 (61.1) | 56 (38.9) | 0.122 | 48 (60.0) | 32 (40.0) | 0.866 |
| > 60 | 86 (70.5) | 36 (29.5) | 38 (57.6) | 28 (42.4) | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 90 (61.6) | 56 (38.4) | 0.195 | 47 (61.0) | 30 (39.0) | 0.616 |
| Female | 84 (70.0) | 36 (30.0) | 39 (56.5) | 30 (43.5) | ||
| Tumor site | ||||||
| Stomach | 109 (69.9) | 37 (30.1) | 0.182 | 55 (67.1) | 27 (32.9) | 0.075 |
| Small bowel | 43 (58.1) | 31 (41.9) | 23 (48.9) | 24 (51.1) | ||
| Others | 22 (61.1) | 14 (38.9) | 8 (47.1) | 9 (52.9) | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | ||||||
| ≤ 2 | 26 (92.9) | 2 (7.1) | < 0.001* | 7 (77.8) | 2 (22.2) | 0.004* |
| > 2 & ≤ 5 | 76 (73.1) | 28 (26.9) | 43 (72.9) | 16 (27.1) | ||
| > 5 & ≤ 10 | 48 (57.1) | 36 (42.9) | 27 (51.9) | 25 (48.1) | ||
| > 10 | 24 (48.0) | 26 (52.0) | 9 (34.6) | 17 (65.4) | ||
| Mitoses per 50 HPFs | ||||||
| ≤ 5 | 147 (73.9) | 52 (26.1) | < 0.001* | 74 (67.9) | 35 (32.1) | 0.001* |
| > 5 & ≤ 10 | 16 (48.5) | 17 (51.5) | 6 (28.6) | 15 (71.4) | ||
| > 10 | 11 (32.4) | 23 (67.6) | 6 (37.5) | 10 (62.5) | ||
| Modified NIH criteria | ||||||
| Very low risk | 23 (92.0) | 2 (8.0) | < 0.001* | 6 (86.7) | 1 (14.3) | 0.002* |
| Low risk | 77 (77.0) | 23 (23.0) | 39 (75.0) | 13 (25.0) | ||
| Intermediate risk | 28 (75.7) | 9 (24.3) | 15 (60.0) | 10 (40.0) | ||
| High risk | 46 (44.2) | 58 (55.8) | 26 (41.9) | 36 (58.1) | ||
| Tumor rupture | ||||||
| No | 159 (67.1) | 78 (32.9) | 0.146 | 73 (57.0) | 55 (43.0) | 0.307 |
| Yes | 15 (51.7) | 14 (48.3) | 13 (72.2) | 5 (27.8) | ||
| Histological type | ||||||
| Fusiform | 124 (67.4) | 60 (32.6) | 0.589 | 59 (62.1) | 36 (37.9) | 0.546 |
| Epitheliod | 29 (61.7) | 18 (38.3) | 16 (51.6) | 15 (48.4) | ||
| Mixed | 21 (60.0) | 14 (40.0) | 11 (55,0) | 9 (45.0) | ||
| Ki67 | ||||||
| Negative | 159 (68.8) | 72 (31.2) | 0.004* | 81 (64.3) | 45 (35.7) | 0.001* |
| Positive | 15 (42.9) | 20 (57.1) | 5 (25.0) | 15 (75.0) | ||
| Tumor mutation type | ||||||
| KIT exon 11 | 55 (54.5) | 46 (45.6) | 0.388 | 46 (63.9) | 26 (36.1) | 0.606 |
| KIT exon 9 | 6 (46.2) | 7 (53.8) | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | ||
| PDGFRA | 12 (60.0) | 8 (40.0) | 5 (45.5) | 6 (54.5) | ||
| Wide type | 5 (33.3) | 10 (66.6) | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | ||
*
P < 0.05.