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Proposed model of the current study. Upon TNF-α stimulation, activation of the caspase cascade leads to the initiation of apoptosis. Simultaneously, NF-κB signaling is activated through the activation of the LUBAC/IKKs, which promotes cell survival by regulating gene expression. Here we report the negative regulatory loop from apoptosis to NF-κB signaling. Activated effector caspases cleave RNF31, suppressing NF-κB activation and accelerating the apoptosis process.
