Table 5. Nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy of subjects by obesity status.

^** P < 0.01, ^*** P < 0.001

¹⁾ Score of six items (possible score: 0-6), including items regarding meaning of balanced meals, roles of food groups (grains, protein foods, fruits and vegetables, dairy foods), and meaning of juices with no sugar added.

²⁾ Score of four items (possible score: 0-4), including items regarding definition of obesity, adequate methods of weight control, fruits and energy, and effects of regular exercise.

³⁾ Total score of 10 items (possible score: 0-10)

⁴⁾ Each item was measured by 4-point scales ranging from 1 (very difficult) to 4 (very easy). The higher score indicates that subjects had higher self-efficacy.

⁵⁾ Score of six items (possible score: 6-24), including self-efficacy in eating vegetable dishes at meals, choosing baked or steamed foods instead of fried foods, avoiding processed foods for snacks, avoiding sugary snacks or foods, reading nutrition labels, and eating meals without watching TV or playing games.

⁶⁾ Score of four items (possible score: 4-16), including self-efficacy in participating in sports, performing exercise regularly despite being tired or bad weather, walking a short distance without a car, and performing exercise during lunch time or break time.

⁷⁾ Total score of 10 items (possible score: 10-40)

⁸⁾ Mean ± SD