Table 2. Prescribers’ Reported Behaviors Concerning Narcotics, Northern New England, United States, 2013–2014.

Survey Item	Pretest Meana			Posttest Meana
	Maine	New Hampshire	Vermont	Maine	New Hampshire	Vermont
I use patient agreements (or contracts) for patients who are prescribed ongoing therapy with narcotics.	3.06	2.8	2.81	3.31b	2.86	2.84b
I use patient agreements (or contracts) for patients who are prescribed ongoing therapy with controlled substances other than narcotics.	2.76	1.87	2.08	2.86b,c	2.08	2.16b
I use a screening tool to determine a patients' history of substance abuse or addiction.	2.4	1.89	2.08	2.39c	2.0	2.09
I order urine toxicology screens on new patients before prescribing a controlled substance.	2.63	1.76	2.06	2.26c	1.71	1.87
I order random urine toxicology screens on existing patients who are prescribed a controlled substance.	2.71	2.05	2.34	2.5	2.04	2.19
I speak to patients in my care about my knowledge of their prescription possession or diversion arrest.	2.82	2.33	2.49	2.71	2.34	2.52b
I share information with colleagues about how best to respond to patients I discover involved in illegal drug-related activities.	2.74	2.42	2.63	2.75	2.51a	2.57
I share information with colleagues about use of best practices for prescribing controlled substances.	2.7	2.29	2.45	2.64c	2.33b	2.37
I consult my state’s Prescription Drug Monitoring Programd	2.5	1.43	2.39	3.14b	1.56b	2.79b
If a patient in my care were arrested for a prescription drug-related crime, I would stop prescribing controlled substances to him/her.	3.38	3.65	3.61	3.51b,e,f	3.64	3.32
Stopped prescribing for patients who have been arrested	3.28	3.3	3.51	3.54b,e	3.68b	3.56b
Do not change meds for patients who have been arrested	2.79	2.65	1.38	1.32b,e	1.28b	1.27b
Refer for addiction counseling	NA			3.2e	3.19	3.16
Discharge patients who have been arrested	2.93	2.79	1.98	1.8b,e	2.12b	1.76b

^a Values based on Likert scale scores, ranging from 1 = never to 4 = all the time.

^b Indicates significant difference between pre- and post-test within each state.

^c Significant difference between Maine and both Vermont and New Hampshire.

^d New Hampshire did not have Prescription Drug Monitoring Program at the time of the surveys (established 2014).

^e Significant difference between Maine and New Hampshire.

^f Significant difference between Maine and Vermont.