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. 2016 Nov 29;6:37659. doi: 10.1038/srep37659

Figure 7. Summary diagram of CCR5’s role in hypothalamic insulin signal regulation.

Figure 7

CCR5 activation plays a “checkpoint” role during insulin activation in hypothalamus. (a) Activating CCR5 promotes GLUT4 membrane translocation and glucose uptake in hypothalamic neurons which reduces AMPKα activation and promotes insulin signaling downstream by PI3K and Akt activation. (b) GLUT4 membrane translocation upon insulin exposure is reduced without CCR5; insufficient energy and increased AMPKα activity enhances S6 Kinase phosphorylation of IRS-1 at the serine-302 site and blocks insulin downstream signaling.