SCA12 gross neuropathology. (A) Dorsal view of cerebral hemispheres showing diffuse cortical atrophy with enlarged cortical fissures, greatest in the parietal and posterior frontal lobes. Scale bar = 4.3 cm. (B) Inferior view, showing mild atrophy of the pons and cerebellum. Cranial nerves are unremarkable. (C) Coronal section of forebrain, showing moderate enlargement of the lateral ventricle, atrophy of the cerebral gray and white matter, and preservation of the caudate and putamen. (D) Coronal section, showing enlarged body and temporal horn of the lateral ventricle and thinning of the corpus callosum. (E) Posterior coronal section, showing enlarged trigone of the lateral ventricle, thinning of the corpus callosum, and diffuse cortical atrophy. (F) Slices of the midbrain, showing normal-appearing SN, mild atrophy of the base of the pons, and mild cerebellar atrophy. Scale bar = 2 cm.