Table 1.
Environmental impact categories and the normalisation references used in this study (Benini et al., 2014). CTUh = comparative toxic unit for humans, CTUe = comparative toxic unit for ecosystems, and AE = Accumulated exceedance.
| Impact category | Abbreviation | Method | Unit (characterised/normalised) | Normalization factor per person (domestic) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate Change | GWP | IPCC 2007 | kg CO2-eq./mPE year−1 | 9.22E+03 |
| Stratospheric Ozone Depletion | ODP | WMO 1999 | kg CFC-11-eq./mPE year−1 | 2.16E-02 |
| Human Toxicity, Cancer Effect | HT-C | USEtox | CTUh/mPE year−1 | 3.69E-05 |
| Human Toxicity, non-Cancer Effect | HT-NC | USEtox | CTUh/mPE year−1 | 5.33E-04 |
| Ionizing Radiation, Human Health | IR | Dreicer | kBq U235 eq./mPE year−1 | 1.13E+03 |
| Photochemical Ozone Formation | ReCiPe midpoint | kg-NMVOCeq/mPE year−1 | 3.17E+01 | |
| Freshwater Eutrophication | FEP | ReCiPe midpoint | kg P-eq./mPE year−1 | 1.48E+00 |
| Marine Eutrophication | MEP | ReCiPe midpoint | kg N eq./mPE year−1 | 1.69E+01 |
| Freshwater Ecotoxicity | ET | USEtox | CTUe/mPE year−1 | 8.74E+03 |
| Depletion of Abiotic Resources-Fossil | ADP-F | CML | MJ/mPE year−1 | 6.24E+04 |
| Depletion of Abiotic Resources-Elements (Ultimate Base) | ADP-E | CML | kg Sb-eq./mPE year−1 | 1.01E-01 |
| Acidification | AP | Accumulated Exceedance | AE/mPE year−1 | 4.73E+01 |
| Terrestrial Eutrophication | TEP | Accumulated Exceedance | AE/mPE year−1 | 1.76E+02 |
| Particulate Matter | PM | Humbert | kg PM2.5/mPE year−1 | 3.80E+00 |